Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

Antidepressants - Selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Citalopram MOA

A

SSRIs block the reuptake of serotonin increases neurotransmitters levels in the synaptic cleft and increase stimulation of the postsynaptic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Antidepressants - What are some ADRs SSRI Citalopram

A

Drowsiness, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, rare serotonin syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Antidepressants - What are some nursing consideration of SSRI antidepressants Citalopram

A

Someone with suicidal ideation may not have the energy to carry out plans due to medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antidepressants - What are some contraindications of SSRI Citalopram

A

Not to be used if patient enters manic phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Antidepressants - Serotonin/Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) Venlafaxine MOA

A

SNRIs affect serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antidepressants - SNRI (venlafaxine) ADRs

A

Headache, dizziness, insomnia, dry mouth, constipation, nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Antidepressants - Nursing considerations SNRI venlafaxine

A

Serotonin syndrome, may occur following therapeutic drug use, inadvertent interaction between drugs, overdose of particular drugs or recreational use of certain drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antidepressant - SNRI venlafaxine therapeutic use

A

depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antidepressant - Tricyclic TCA (Amitriptyline) MOA

A

TCAs block the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Antidepressant - TCA amitriptyline ADRs

A

Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, drowsiness, weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Antidepressant - TCA amitriptyline contraindications

A

Recovery from MI, arrhythmia, manic phases, under 12yrs old, within 14 days of MAOI treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Antidepressant - MAOI (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors) Phenelzine MOA

A

Blocks monoamine oxidase which causes increase in epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin which cause stimulation of the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Antidepressant - MAOI Phenelzine ADRs

A

Postural hypotension, constipation, drowsiness, dry mouth, fatigue, headaches, insomina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Patient education for antidepressants

A

importance of medication compliance
May take 4-6 weeks to take effect
Take medication in the morning
Careful operating vehicles
Do not drink alcohol
Avoid foods high in tyramine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mood Stabilisers/antimanic - Lithium Carbonate MOA

A

Mimics the effects of sodium, thereby compromising the ability of neutrons to release, activate and respond to neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mood Stabilisers - Lithium Carbonate ADRs

A

tremor, stomach upset, polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, drowsiness

17
Q

Mood stabilisers - Lithium carbonate Nursing considerations

A

Toxicity
levels: mild 1.5-2mEq/L, Moderate 2-3mEq/L, severe >3mEq/l
How does it happen - dehydration, hyponatraemia, kidney failure

18
Q

Mood stabilisers - Lithium Carbonate contraindications

A

Dehydration, low sodium, cardiac insufficiency

19
Q

Mood stabilisers - Lithium Carbonate patient education

A

take with food, drink plenty of water, will require 3 monthly blood test, alert doctor of signs of lithium toxicity immediately

20
Q

Mood stabilisers - Lithium Carbonate therapeutic use

A

Bipolar disorder

21
Q

Antipsychotics - Typical Chlorpromazine MOA

A

Blocks the dopamine receptor (D2) site, inhibiting release of dopamine, helps diminish positive symptoms of schizophrenia

22
Q

Antipsychotics - Typical Chlorpromazine ADRs

A

Higher risk of EPS, NMS, postural hypotension, photophobia, photosensitivity, weight gain, drowsiness, constipation, hyper salivation

23
Q

Antipsychotics - Typical Chlorpromazine Nursing considerations

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
- occurs within weeks of drug change triggered by blockage of doperminergic receptors in the corpus stratum, resulting in spasticity of skeletal muscles and impair hypothalamic thermoregulation

24
Q

Antipsychotics - Typical Chlorpromazine therapeutic use

A

Schizophrenia, mania, short term severe anxiety

25
Q

Antipsychotics - Typical Chlorpromazine Contraindications

A

Comatose states, CNS depression, hypothyroidism

26
Q

Antipsychotics - Typical Chlorpromazine Patient education

A

Do not drink alcohol, protect skin from sun light, tabs should not be crushed, med can make you sleepy

27
Q

Antipsychotics - Atypical Clozapine MOA

A

Acts on both serotonin and dopamine in the brain, help diminish positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia

28
Q

Antipsychotics - Atypical Clozapine ADRs

A

Lower risk of TD,EPS, NMS, increase BGL, weight gain, constipation, hyper salivation

29
Q

Antipsychotics - Atypical Clozapine Nursing considerations

A

Agranulocytosis
- Low WBC count = body unable to fight infections. Requires careful monitoring weekly blood test

30
Q

Antipsychotics - Atypical Clozapine Contraindications

A

Comatose states, CNS depression, pheochromocytoma, hypothyroidism

31
Q

Antipsychotics - Atypical Clozapine

A

May take a few weeks to take effect, inform of ADRs, protect skin from sunlight, tabs should not be crushed, meds make you sleepy

32
Q

Antianxiety / Benzodiazepines - Diazepam MOA

A

Binds to GABA receptors in the CNS to enhance the effects of the GABA neurotransmitter
Slows/calms the activity of the nerves in the brain

33
Q

Antianxiety / Benzodiazepines - Diazepam ADRS

A

Common: ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness
Rare: aggression, confusion, headache, hypotension, rashes

34
Q

Antianxiety / Benzodiazepines - Diazepam Nursing considerations

A

Short term treatment - 4 weeks max
Benzos are addictive and tolerance develops quickly
Monitor withdrawal: vital signs, tremors, vomiting, seizures, insomnia

35
Q

Antianxiety / Benzodiazepines - Diazepam Contraindications

A

resp. depression, marked neuromuscular respiratory weakness, acute pulmonary insufficiency, sleep apnoea syndrome

36
Q

Antianxiety / Benzodiazepines - Diazepam Patient education

A

Not meant for long term use as increase risk for physical and psychological dependence
Use of long term therapy leads to tolerance
Never stop abruptly
Avoid alcohol
Avoid driving