Mental Health Flashcards
What is Mental Health?
State of balance both within and with the environment
Why is it important to have positive mental health?
Realize abilities
Copes with the normal stresses in life
Works productively
Contribute to the community
4 Determinant Dimensions of Mental Health
Thoughts
Emotions
Body Reactions
Behavior
Mental Health Frameworks
Mental Health Continuum
Corey Keyes’ Dual Continuum Model
Flourishing Languishing
PERMA Model
Flourshing
mental stability
Languishing
Generally disinterested or dreary affect
Minimal goal-seeking behaviors
Mental Health Continuum
Healthy
Reacting
Injured
Ill
Corey Keyes’ Dual Continuum Model
flourishing wo illness
flourishing w illness
languishing wo illness
languishing w illness
PERMA Model
Positive emotion - cultivated/learned
Engagement - lives in present moment
Positive relationships
Meaningful life
Accomplishment - mastery from work
Stress
Tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a stressor strains our ability to cope effectively
Stressors
Events that cause a stress reaction
Eustress
Optimal amount of stress needed to promote wellbeing
Distress
Effect of unpleasant and undesirable stressors
Traumatic Event
Event so severe that has the potential to produce long-term psychological or health consequences
Stress impact on PERCEPTION (Distress - Eustress)
negative threat - positive challenge
Stress impact on EMOTIONS (Distress - Eustress)
anxiety - excitement
Stress impact on PRODUCTIVITY (Distress - Eustress)
procrastination - motivation
Stress impact on PERFORMANCE (Distress - Eustress)
diminution - enhancement
Psychoneuroimmunology
Study of the relationship between the immune system and central nervous system
(T/F) People with serious mental health conditions are at high risk of experiencing chronic physical conditions
True
(T/F) People with chronic physical conditions are at risk of developing poor mental health
True
Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome
All prolonged stressors take us through 3 stages of adaptation:
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion
Coping Strategies
Behavioral and psychological actions taken to master, tolerate, reduce or minimize the effect of stressors
2 Ways of Coping
Problem - focused
Emotion - focused
Other ways of coping
Individual differences
Gaining control
Social support
Healthy lifestyle
Psychological Disorder
Collection of problems in thinking, in emotional responding or regulation, and in social behavior
Form of deviant behavior that is bizarre, irrational or usually distressful
4D’s (+1A) of Abnormality
Distress
Deviance
Dangerousness
Dysfunction
Absence of Pathology
Distress (4D’s)
Emotional or physical pain
Deviance
Highly unusual behavior based on social/cultural norms
Dangerousness
Potential harm to the self and others
Dysfunction
disrupted ability to daily function
Absence of Pathology
No signs of symptoms
Chronic vs Acute
long duration low intensity; short duration high intensity
Neurosis vs Psychosis
High levels of unrealistic anxiety; Loss contact with reality
Common Known Causes of Abnormality
Heredity
Biochemical factors
Substance abuse
Schizophrenogenic parenting and destructive family interactions
Cultural differences
Trauma
Life stress
Psychopathology
Study of abnormal behavior, the nature of disease including causes, development and outcomes
Psychological Viewpoints of Psychopathology
Psychoanalytic theorists - stems from repressed conflicts
Behaviorists - as learned
Cognitive theorists - irrational beliefs and illogical patterns of thought
Biopsychosocial Model
Biological factors
Psychological factors
Socio-cultral factors
Biological factors
Behavior caused by biological changes in the chemical, structural, or genetic systems of the body
Psychological factors
Cognition, mood, personality, and behavior
Coping mechanisms, level of insight, intelligence, emotion regulation
Socio-cultural factors
Cultural relativity
Culture-bound Systems
Situational Context
Cultural relativity
need to consider the unique characteristics of culture in which behavior takes place
Culture-bound Systems
disorders found only in a particular culture
Situational context
social or environmental setting of a person’s behavior
Subjective discomfort - emotional distress
Maladaptive - does not allow a person to function within or adapt to the stresses and everyday demands of life
Stress Vulnerability Model
general disposition + bio-psychosocial stressors = mental illness
Vulnerability
basic susceptibility to health disorders
Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5)
Official listing of mental disorders; updates
Generalized Anxiety Disorders: has to be as long as
Over at least a month
Generalized Anxiety Disorder Causes
- Biological: chemical imbalances in nervous system
- Cognitive: illogical irrational thought processes (magnification, all or nothing thinking, overgeneralization, minimization)
- Psychoanalytic: repressed urges and desires that are trying to come into conscious,
- Behaviorists: learned through both positive and negative reinforcement
Generalized Anxiety Disorder Types
Panic - sudden and intense
Phobic - persistent for specific cause
Obsessive Compulsive - Repetition of normal doubts and routines
Post Traumatic Stress - Develops through exposure to a traumatic event
Bipolar Disorders
Mood is severely disturbed
Manic
quality of excessive excitement, energy and elation or irritability
Depressive
very “down”, sad, indifferent or hopeless periods
Depressive Disorder
Suffer depression without mania; lethargy, loss of will to life and hopelessness lasting at least 2 weeks
Depressive Disorder Causes
Learned helplessness
Cognitive theories: Distorted, illogical thinking
Biological: function of serotonin, norepinephrine
Schizophrenia
highly disordered thought process, bizarre behavior, hallucinations, unable to distinguish reality between fantasy and reality
Hallucination
break away from ability to perceive what is real and what is fantasy
Delusions
false beliefs held by a person who refuses to accept evidence of their falseness
Schizophrenia Types
Disorganized
Paranoid
Catatonic
Undifferentiated
Schizophrenia Causes
- Psychoanalytic: severe breakdown of ego, overwhelmed demands of id, results childish infantile behavior
- Behaviorists: reinforcement, observational learning and shaping
- Cognitive: severely irrational thinking
- Biological explanation: dopamine, structural defects in the brain, inflammation and genetic influences
Types of Therapy
Biological
Psychotherapy
Kinds of Bio Therapy
Pharmacotherapy - meds
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) - electrical pulse
Types of Psychotherapy
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Behavior
Cognitive
Mental Health Act RA 11036
- All Filipinos are mentally healthy, able to contribute to the development of the country, can attain better quality of life
- Promotes mental health and the protection of rights and freedom of people with mental health needs
- Provides direction for the Philippines’ mental health problems, concerns and efforts
