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Nursing 201 > Menstrual Cycle > Flashcards

Menstrual Cycle Flashcards

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0
Q

First menstruation (12-13years old)

A

Menarche

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1
Q

The transition between childhood and sexual maturity

A

Puberty

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2
Q

Initially irregular, unpredictable, painless and annovulatory (some can ovulate)

A

Menarche

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3
Q

What happens after the first year of menarche?

A

Develops a rhythm and there is mature ova

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4
Q

Periodic uterine bleeding

A

Menstruation

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5
Q

It occurs 14 days after ovulation and th cycle is usually 28 days on average

A

Menstruation

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6
Q

How much blood is lost during menstruation?

A

20-80ml

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7
Q

The outer covering of the egg is called?

A

Follicle

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8
Q

What hormone is responsible for maintaining a pregnancy?

A

Progesterone

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9
Q

What produces Hcg?

A

Progesterone

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10
Q

What produces progesterone?

A

Corpus luteum

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11
Q

What will continue to grow and maintain if pregnancy is present? This lasts about 12 weeks.

A

Corpus luteum

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12
Q

What does FELOP stand for?

A 
Follicle stimulating hormone FSH
Estrogen 
Leutinizing hormone (LH surge) 
Ovulation 
Progesterone
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13
Q

What releases estrogen?

A

Ovum

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14
Q

A woman’s menstrual cycle is influenced by what 2 cycles?

A

Ovarian cycle

Endometrial cycle

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15
Q

Pertains to the maturation of ova and consists of 3 phases.

A

Ovarian cycle

16
Q

What are the 3 phases of the ovarian cycle?

A

Follicular
Ovulatory
Luteal

17
Q

Begins the first day of menstruation and lasts 12-14 days.

A

Follicular phase

18
Q

During the follicular phase the Graafian follicle is maturing under the influence of what two pituitary hormones?

A

LH

FSH

19
Q

The maturing Graafian follicle produces what?

A

Estrogen

20
Q

This phase begins when the estrogen level peaks and ends with the release of the oocyte (egg) from the mature Graafian follicle. This release is known as ovulation.

A

Ovulatory phase

21
Q

When is there a surge in LH levels before ovulation?

A

12-36 hours

22
Q

There is a decrease in estrogen levels and an increase in progesterone levels before what?

A

LH surge

23
Q

This phase begins after ovulation and lasts approximately 14 days. During this phase the cells of the empty follicle undergo changed and form into the corpus luteum.

A

The luteal phase

24
Q

The corpus luteum produces high levels of progesterone along with low levels of what?

A

Estrogen

25
Q

If pregnancy occurs the corpus luteum continues to release progesterone and estrogen until what matures and assumes this function?

A

The placenta

26
Q

If pregnancy does not occur the corpus luteum degenerates and results in a decrease in progesterone and starts the beginning of what?

A

Menstruation

27
Q

This cycle pertains to the changes in the endometrium of the uterus in response to hormonal changes that occur during the ovarian cycle.

A

Endometrial cycle

28
Q

What are the 3 phases of the endometrial cycle?

A

Proliferative phase
Secretory phase
Menstrual phase

29
Q

This phase occurs following menstruation and ends with ovulation. During this phase the endometrium becomes thicker and more vascular from increases in estrogen produced by the Graafian follicle.

A

Proliferative phase

30
Q

This phase begins after ovulation and ends with the onset of menstruation. During this phase the endometrium begins to thicken. The primary hormone during this phase is progesterone which is secreted by the corpus luteum.

A

Secretory phase

31
Q

If pregnancy occurs during the secretory phase the endometrium continues to develop and begins to secrete what?

A

Glycogen

32
Q

If pregnancy does not occur during the secretory phase the corpus luteum begins to degenerate and what else degenerates?

A

The endometrial tissue

33
Q

This phase occurs in response to hormonal changes and results in the sloughing off of the endometrial tissue.

A

Menstrual phase.

Nursing 201 (21 decks)

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