FAS and NAS Flashcards
Alcohol passes to the fetus via the placenta within how long?
Seconds
What is the most teratogen and the leading cause of mental retardation is?
Alcohol
A mothers blood alcohol increases quick but a fetal blood alcohol levels decreases?
Slowly
The risk for FAS is higher in what 3 ethnic groups?
Alaskans
American Indians
African Americans
Wide set eyes, palpebral fissures (small eye openings), strabismus (cross-eyed), ptosis (drooping), myopia, nose bridge is broad and cheeks are flattened are all characteristics of a?
FAS baby
FAS babies are at risk more in what trimester for miscarriage, stillbirth, congenital anomalies, and death?
1st trimester
Murmurs, atrial/septal defects, ventricular septal defects are likely in
FAS babies
Some CNS effects are mental retardation, microcephaly, low tone, seizures, poor hand-eye coordination, and speech and language are affected in
FAS babies
Drinking alcohol should be stopped how many months before?
3 months before conception
The APGAR is lower on a FAS baby because they have what?
Lower tone
Apnea, behavior irregularities, diarrhea, dysmature swallowing, excessive crying, excessive/frantic sucking, excoriation skin, fever, high-pitched cry, hyperreflexia, hypertonia, irritability/restlessness, lacrimation, nasal congestion, poor feeding, seizures, skin mottling, sleep problems, sneezing x3, sweating, tachypnea, tremors, vomiting, wakefulness, weight loss or failure to gain weight, and yawning x 3 are indicative signs of what?
Neonatal withdrawal
Easily crosses the placenta and the fetal drug concentration is 50% of moms
Narcotics
What is the percentage of drug use in expecting moms?
20%
This drug is highly addictive, it is a soluble fat that crosses the placenta and causes maternal vasoconstriction (decreased fetal blood flow) resulting in low birth weight, premature, risk for SIDS, IUGR, and eventfully learning and behavioral issues.
Cocaine
Cocaine is converted to this in the placenta and becomes more potent because it becomes water solvable. The fetus is re-exposed to it from drinking the amniotic fluid
Norcocaine
This drug causes LBW, IUGR, preterm labor, and behavioral problems
Marijuana
This drug causes SIDS, IUGR, reduced brain growth, and development effects
Methamphetamine
What is the substitute used for opiates to prevent withdrawal in the mom and decrease euphoric side effects?
Methadone (subutex, buprenorphine)
These set of behaviors result from fetal exposure to substances in pregnancy (illicit or prescriptions)
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS)
A shorter span of meds equals ______ withdrawal
Shorter
NAS causes what 3 things?
CNS irritability
Overactive autonomic system
GI disability
How long until withdrawal without narcotics?
72 hours
Mom can not stop taking meds, she needs to be regulated because of why?
It causes intrauterine withdrawal
Respiratory distress syndrome is almost imminent when?
After birth
