Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy III > Meninges + ventricles + liquor > Flashcards

Meninges + ventricles + liquor Flashcards

1
Q

Differentiate btw meninges.

A
  • pachymeninx = dura mater
  • leptomeninx = arachnoidea, pia mater
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1 - 5

2 terms for #2, #3, #5

Function of #5.

A

1) pia mater
2) dura mater - lamina ext. (periosteal layer)
3) dura mater - lamina int. (meningeal layer)
4) arachnoidea
5) granulationes arachnoideales (PACCHIONI) → secretion of liquor into blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

6 - 10

What does #7 contain?

A

6) falx cerebri
7) spatium subarachnoideum → contains liquor​
8) spatium epidurale
9) spatium subdurale
10) foveae granularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

11 - 14

A

11) sulcus
12) gyrus
13) sinus durae matris
14) trabeculae arachnoideae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which structures are formed by dura mater lamina int.?

A
  • cavum trigeminale (MECKEL)
  • diaphragma sellae covers fossa hypophysialis
  • falx cerebri, cerebelli btw their resp. hemispheres
  • tentorium cerebelli covers cerebellum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where can falx cerebri be found?

Sites of attachment?

Content?

A

btw hemispheres of cerebrum in fissura longitudinalis cerebri

attaches to:

  • ant.: crista galli
  • post.: protuberantia occipitalis int.

​__contents:

  • sinus sag. sup. + inf.
  • sinus rectus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the tentorium cerebelli located?

Site of attachment?

A

covers cerebellum + post. cranial fossa

attaches to procc. clinoidei post., ant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the functions of falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli?

Why are they clinically relevant?

A

mechanical protection

→ prevent major displacement of brain, e.g. in case of cranial trauma

⇒ cerebellum can be pushed into foramen magnum, causes pressure on medulla oblongata (resp., circulatory centers) → life-threatening

= tonsillar herniation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which structures pass through incisura tentorii? (4)

Why is it clinically relevant?

A
  • brain stem
  • aa. cerebri post.
  • CN III + IV

⇒ swellings in case of cranial trauma (brain bleedings), brain tumors can push midbrain/temporal lobe into incisura tentorii → e.g. constriction of n. oculomotorius

= tentorial herniation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which pathological condition can be caused by Pacchioni granules?

A

meningeoma

→ almost always benign, can reach size of a fist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is special about the pia mater?

A

forms perivascular sheath around blood vessels when diving deep into brain, forms spatium perivasculosum

in case of large blood vessels: VIRCHOW-ROBIN space (VRS) can be seen on the MRI when dilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which meninges are inflammed in case of a meningitis?

A

leptomeninx =

arachnoidea, pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the blood supply, drainage of the meninges.

A

pia mater supplied by cerebral aa., arachnoidea no blood supply

dura mater: (EMP)

  • a. _e_thmoidalis ant. → r. meningeus ant.
  • a. _m_axillaris → a. meningea med.
  • a. _p_haryngea asc. → a. meningea post.
  • further rr. from a. vertebralis

drainage analog to supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which vessels cause epidural, subdural, subarachnoidal bleedings?

Possible consequences?

A
  • esp. a. meningea med. → epidural → detachment of dura mater from calvaria (top left)
  • bridging veins of sinus durae matris → subdural → compression/displacement of brain parts (e.g. tentorial herniation) (top right)
  • a. of circle of Willis → subarachnoideal aneurism → head aches, meningitis, etc. (bottom)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which nn. innervate the meninges?

A

mainly n. V

  • n. ethmoidalis post. → ant. cranial fossa
  • n. V/1 → tentorium cerebelli
  • n. V/3 → med. cranial fossa
  • nn. IX + X → post. cranial fossa
  • C1 - 3 → clivus area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How much liquor does each person have? Where?

What for?

How fast is it produced?

Contents?

A
  • volume: 110 - 160 ml (30 in ventricles, 80 in cran. subarach.space, 50 in spinal subarach. space)
  • function: cushion, regulation of breath centers (via CO2 conc.), buoancy, transport
  • production rate: - 500 ml/d
  • content: low cell content (T-lymphocytes, monocytes), low protein content, electrolytes = plasma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the choroid lamina epithelialis?

A

layer of modified ependymal cells persisting after thinning of the original wall of the brain vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is tela choroidea?

A

choroid lamina epithelialis + pia mater

forms together w/ vascular network inside plexus choroideus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where can plexus choroideus be found?

A

each ventricle has its own plexus choroideus

BUT: exc. cornu frontale/occipitale
<em>(plexus choroideus of lat. ventr. reaches into cornu occ.)</em>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is the plexus choroideus attached?

A

taenia = line of attachment of tela choroidea

attachment sites lat./III. ventricle:

  • taenia thalami (red) lateral to stria medullaris thalami
  • taenia choroidea (green) in lat. ventricle
  • taenia fornicis (blue) medially, attached to fornix
  • taenia fimbriae (orange) medially, running along fornix (inferior part, originating from fimbria)
  • taenia terminalis (purple) laterally

​attachment site IV. ventricle

  • taenia cinerea attached to velum medullare inf.
21
Q

1 - 5

Another name for #5.

A

1) lat. ventricle - cornu frontale
2) lat. ventricle - pars centralis
3) lat. ventricle - cornu occipitale
4) lat. ventricle - cornu temporale
5) foramen interventriculare (MONROE)

22
Q

6 - 10

A

6) adhesio interthalamica
7) III. ventricle - recessus supraopticus
8) III. ventricle - recessus triangularis (most anterior)
9) III. ventricle - recessus infundibularis
10) III. ventricle - recessus suprapinealis

23
Q

11 - 15

A

11) III. ventricle - recessus pinealis
12) corpus pineale
13) chiasma opticum
14) aqueductus mesencephali
15) IV. ventricle - fastigium

24
Q

16 - 19

Another name for #16, #17, #19.

A

16) IV. ventricle - apertura mediana (MAGENDIE)
17) IV. ventricle - apertura lateralis (LUSCHKA)
18) canalis centralis
19) granulationes arachnoidales (PACCHIONI)

25
Q

What are the walls of cornu frontale of the lat. ventricle?

A
  • med.: septum pellucidum
  • lat.: ncl. caudatus, caput
  • floor: corpus callosum, rostrum
  • roof: corpus callosum, truncus
  • rostral: corpus callosum, genu
26
Q

What are the walls of pars centralis of the lat. ventricle?

A
  • med.: choroid lamina epithelialis (attached to fornix + thalamus by teniae), resp. tela choroidea
  • lat: ncl. caudatus, corpus
  • floor: thalamus covered by lamina affixa
  • roof: corpus callosum, truncus
27
Q

What are the walls of cornu occipitale of the lat. ventricle?

BUT … ?

A
  • med.: corpus callosum, tapetum
  • other walls: medulla of occip. lobe

BUT: further structures can be found

  • med.: forceps major, calcar avis
  • floor: trigonum collaterale
28
Q

What are the walls of cornu temporale of the lat. ventricle?

A
  • med.: choroid lamina epithelialis + stria terminalis
  • lat.: medulla of temp. lobe
  • floor: hippocampus, eminentia collateralis
  • roof: ncl. caudatus, cauda
  • rostr.: corpus amygaloideum
29
Q

What are the walls of the III. ventricle?

A
  • lat.: thalamus, hypothalamus, sulcus hypothalamicus
  • floor: hypothalamus, chiasma opticum, infundibulum, corp. mamm., subthalamus
  • roof: choroid lamina epithelialis of III. ventricle
  • rostr.: lamina terminalis, commissura ant.
  • caud.: commissura habenularum, post.
30
Q

What are the walls of the IV. ventricle?

A
  • floor: fossa rhomboidea (7)
  • roof: velum medullare sup. (1), fastigium (2), nodulus of cerebellum (3), choroid lamina epithelialis (4)
  • lat.: pedunculi cerebellares
31
Q

What are the rostral and caudal border of foramen interventriculare?

A
  • rostr.: columna fornicis, pars libera
  • caud.: thalamus, tuberculum anterius
32
Q

List the 7 circumventricular organs.

Function?

A

no blood-brain barrier → sensory/secretory function

33
Q

How do you call the structure formed by plexus choroideus of the IV. ventricle?

A

reaches through aperturae laterales out into subarachnoid space

= flower basket of BOCHDALEK

34
Q

What is a common cause of a hydrocephalus?

Consequences?

A

e.g. stenosis of aqueduct → incr. intracranial pressure due to accumulation of liquor in ventricles

⇒ head aches, vomitting, visual disorders, damaged brain tissue, incr. skull size when during childhood

35
Q

How do you call the thickened end of plexus choroideus in the lat. ventricle?

A

glomus choroideum

36
Q

List unpaired cisterns.

A
  • cisterna cerebellomedularis = magna
  • cisterna pontis mediana
  • cisterna interpeduncularis
  • chisterna chiasmatis
  • cisterna laminae terminalis
  • cisterna corporis callosi
  • cisterna v. magnae cerebri
37
Q

Classify cisterna pontis mediana according to its location and content.

A

btw clivus and the ventr. surface of the pons

38
Q

Classify cisterna magna according to its location and content.

Another name.

Why is it clinically relevant?

A

cisterna cerebellomedullaris

btw medulla oblongata and the inf. surface of the cerebellum

⇒ site of cistern punction

39
Q

Classify cisterna interpeduncularis according to its location and content.

A

outskirts on fossa interpeduncularis and corpus mammilare

40
Q

Classify cisterna chiasmatis according to its location and content.

A

area of chiasma opticum, in front of cisterna interpeduncularis. A laminar connective tissue divide them from each other

41
Q

Classify cisterna laminae terminalis according to its location and content.

Which cisterns does it connect?

A

in front of lamina terminalis

⇒ interconnects the cisterna chiasmatis w/ corporis callosi

42
Q

Classify cisterna corporis callosi according to its location and content.

Why is it important?

A

above corpus callosum

⇒ leads the CSF on the medial surface of the hemispheres

43
Q

Classify cisterna v. magnae cererbi according to its location and content.

Which cisterns does it connect?

A

btw lamina tecti and the splenium of corpus callosum; posteriorly extends to velum medullare sup.

⇒ interconnects both cisternae ambientes w/ cisterna corporis callosi

44
Q

List paired cisterns.

A
  • cisterna pontocerebellaris
  • cisterna ambiens
  • cisterna cruris
  • cisterna fossae lateralis cerebri
  • cisterna carotica
45
Q

Classify cisterna pontocerebellaris according to its location and content.

A

paired

extends from the cerebellopontine angles,


a) lateraly to the meatus acusticus int.
b) forward to the cavum trigeminale

46
Q

Classify cisterna ambiens according to its location and content.

Which cisterns does it connect?

A

paired

lat. surface of midbrain

⇒ interconnects the cisterna interpeduncularis w/ cistern v. magnae cerebri

47
Q

Classify cisterna cruris according to its location and content.

A

paired

lateraly from cisterna ambiens, between crus of midbrain and gyrus parahippocampalis

48
Q

Classify cisterna lateralis according to its location and content.

Why is it important?

A

paired

in sulcus lateralis (SYLVII)

⇒ leads the CSF from basal surface, to dorsal surface of the brain

49
Q

Classify cisterna carotica according to its location and content.

Why is it important?

A

paired

around a. carotis int.

⇒ covers the containg aa.

Anatomy III (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions