✅Meninges, Ventricles And Blood Supply Flashcards
What are meninges?
Noneural tissue that surround the central nervous system
What does meninges act as?
Protective housing
What are examples of meninges?
Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia mater
How many layers are the dura mater?
2
What are the two layers of the dura mater?
Periosteal layer
Meningeal layer
What does the dura mater do?
Holds in the CSF
Protects the CNS
What is the arachnoid mater?
Thin membrane underside of dura mater
Sub arachnoid chamber ( find fluid within)
What is the pia mater?
Extremely thin membrane
Where is the pia mater?
Close to cerebral cortex
What does the subarachnoid chamber contain?
CSF
What is CSF?
Cerebrospinal Fluid
What is the progress of CSF?
Fluid is produced, circulated and delivered back via Ventricles
What is the lateral ventricle?
a C-shaped chamber
Where is the lateral ventricle located?
In all 4 lobes
Around caudate nucleus
Where is the third ventricle found?
Connected to lateral ventricle, narrows into third ventricle
Sits between 2 thalami
What is the progression of Cerebral aqueduct and the 4th ventricle?
3rd ventricle (top of midbrain) cavity narrows= cerebral aqueduct
Opens in pons/medulla as 4th ventricle
4th supplies CSF to spinal cord and subarachnoid space.
What is the aorta?
Largest artery in body
What does the internal carotid Artery (IC) supply?
The brain
What does the External Cartoid Artery supply blood to?
Pharynx, tongue, face and eyes
What does the middle cerebral artery supply to? (MCA)
Speech, language and hearing
What does the Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) supply to?
Frontal, parietal, corpus callosum, basal ganglia
What does the subclavian artery vertebral artery (VA)
Basilar Artery
What does the Basilar artery (BA) and Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA) supply to?
Occipital lobe, thalamus and corpus callosum
What is the circle of willis?
2 routes to the brain (Internal Carotid & Vertebral artery) connect and other major arteries arise
Where are the anterior cerebral arteries connecting to?
Frontal and parietal lobes
Where are the posterior cerebral arteries connecting to?
Occipital and temporal lobes
Where does the middle cerebral artery connect?
Frontal, parietal and temporal lobes
What is affect if there is damage to the MCA?
Broca’s area, primary auditory cortex, most of primary motor and somatosensory cortex, Wernicke’s area, angular and supramarginal gyri, arcuate fasciculus
What happens if there is a infarct at junction between internal carotid artery (ICA) and MCA
interrupts blood flow to all speech & language areas
What may deeper infarcts further into cerebral hemisphere do?
produce more localized deficits of blood supply
What is the foetal neural development?
▹ Embryo (gestational week 8 onwards)
▸Major compartments of CNS & PNS are defined
▸Rapid growth of cortical and subcortical structures
When does foetal development begin?
▸Neuron production begins 42 days post conception
What is the neural development of a pre-school child?
▸Brain increases four-fold
▸90% adult volume by age 6
▸Structural changes (of grey & white matter) continue through childhood and adolescence
