memory - types of LTM

Question 1

who proposed the thee types of LTM?

Answer 1

Tulving (1985)

Question 2

what is episodic memory?

Answer 2

personal experiences and events

time-stamped

contains several elements

require conscious effort to recall

Question 3

what is semantic memory?

Answer 3

general knowledge and information

less vulnerable to distortion and forgetting

Question 4

procedural memory

Answer 4

actions and skills

recall without conscious awareness

Question 5

strength - case study evidence

Answer 5

HM and Clive Wearing both had damaged episodic memory but semantic and procedural were largely unaffected

counterpoints:
- use of case studies
- lack of control of variables

Question 6

limitation - conflicting evidence

Answer 6

Buckner and Petersen (1996)
- semantic - left of PFC
- episodic - right of PFC

Tulving et al (1994)
- left of PFC - encoding episodic
- right of PFC - episodic retrieval

Question 7

strength - real-world application

Answer 7

Belleville et al (2006) devised an intervention to improve episodic memory in older people