Memory Key Concepts Flashcards
What is ENCODING?
The 2nd stage of processing info that involves putting info into a format that our memory system can recognise. (Computers would use binary code 01001.) Humans represent it in a way our minds can cope with the info. We have to represent it a 2D not 3D and scale it down. We have a image in our memory of what’s in front of us rather than a the actual thing. We use images to encode visual data and echoes to encode sound memories.
What is INPUT?
Is the first stage of processing information and involves entering the memory from the environment.
(In computer terms it’s like typing/ clicking, in human terms it comes through senses. Eg mostly visual- comes through eyes).
What is STORAGE?
The third stage of processing info. This is how info is ‘filed away’ to be used later on. (Computers save documents.) Humans place info somewhere in a memory so that it is available to be used again.
What’s RETRIEVAL?
The fourth stage of processing info. (Computer searching for a file). Humans search the memory for the info.
What’s OUTPUT?
The fifth stage of processing info. (Computers opening a file/ printing it out). Humans are just saying the Info or writing it down. However could be conjuring up a image, the recall of a song from earlier or a thought.
What is INFORMATION PROCESSING?
The idea that information is processed over a number of stages.
What’s ACCESSIBILITY PROBLEMS?
Problems associated with retrieving information in storage. When we can’t reach a piece of information stored in our memory when we know it’s there. This is called the ‘tip of the tongue’ phenomenon.
What’s AVAILABILITY PROBLEMS?
Problems associated with information no longer being stored. More serious, it’s gone. This may be due to decay and displacement.
What’s SHORT TERM MEMORY?
The memory store that has limited capacity and limited duration, and where information become conscious.
What’s LONG TERM MEMORY?
The memory store has unlimited capacity and unlimited duration, and where information is permanently stored.
What’s SENSORY STORE?
The store where all immediate information is briefly held unless it is paid attention to.
What’s ATTENTION?
A process that makes people aware of information in the memory.
What’s DECAY?
The fading of information over time until it’s forgotten.
What’s CAPACITY?
The amount of space in the memory.
What’s DURATION?
How long information lasts in the memory.
