memory Flashcards
a subject learns a list of items, words, or pictures.
encoding
subjects are tested for their memory of the items presented during the encoding phase
retrieval
a subject is asked to freely generate as many items as she can remember
recall test
a subject is shown several items and asked to judge whether each item is new or old.
recognition test
describes the rapidly decreasing rate of recall over time
the forgetting curve
Memory is strongest for items at the beginning and end of a list
serial position curve
memory performance is good for items encoded early in the list
primacy effect
the last several items on the list have had the least opportunity for rehearsal and transfer to long term memory, yet recall for later items on the list is also good
recency effect
the words in a list are read to the subject FASTER than normal
decreased primacy effect
the words in the list are read to the subject SLOWER than normal
increased primacy effect
the subject must complete a distracting task after hearing the words but before recalling them
decreased recency effect
suggests that memory performance depends on the level at which the items are encoded
the levels of processing model
the more we try to organize and understand the material, the better we remember it
levels of processing principle
memory encodes all aspects of an experience
encoding specificity
the ease with which an experience is processed, some experiences are easier than others
fluency
judgment tying together causes with effects
attribution
