classical conditioning

Question 1

allows us to associate two related events

Answer 1

Classical Conditioning

Question 2

the presentation of one stimulus reliably leads to the presentation of another.

Answer 2

contingent relationship

Question 3

the learning of a contingency between a particular signal and a later event that are paired in time and/or space

Answer 3

classic conditioning

Question 4

any stimulus or event; occurs naturally, prior to learning (Ex. Food)

Answer 4

Unconditional Stimulus (US)

Question 5

the response that occurs after the unconditional stimulus; occurs naturally, prior to any learning

Answer 5

Unconditional Response (UR)

Question 6

paired with the unconditional stimulus to produce a learned contingency (Ex. A ringing bell)

Answer 6

Conditional Stimulus (CS)

Question 7

The response that occurs once the contingency between the CS and US have been learned (Ex. Salivating- expecting food)

Answer 7

Conditioned response (CR)

Question 8

the process by which a contingency between a CS and US is learned

Answer 8

Acquisition

Question 9

the loss of the CR when the CS no longer predicts the US

Answer 9

extinction

Question 10

the process by which stimuli to the CS will also elicit a CR

Answer 10

Stimulus Generalization

Question 11

restricts the range of conditional stimuli that can elicit a response.

Answer 11

Stimulus Discrimination

Question 12

an exaggerated, intense and persistent fear of certain situations, activities, things or people.

Answer 12

phobia

Question 13

an individual with a particular phobia is encouraged to confront the CS that evokes their anxiety; it may be traumatic experience

Answer 13

Implosive therapy

Question 14

uses a more gradual exposure to the feared stimulus

Answer 14

Systematic desensitization

Question 15

predicts the presence of the unconditional stimulus

Answer 15

CS+

Question 16

predicts the absence of the unconditional stimulus

Answer 16

CS-

Question 17

a process which counteracts a challenge to homeostasis

Answer 17

compensatory response

Question 18

is the decreased effectiveness of a drug such as morphine over the course of repeated administration

Answer 18

drug tolerance

Question 19

is a relatively enduring change in the mechanisms of behaviour that occurs due to experience

Answer 19

learning

Question 20

the effects of learned behaviour is not yet reflected in performance

Answer 20

latent learning

Question 21

a decrease in response to a stimulus or event as it is repeatedly presented without any consequence

Answer 21

habituation

Question 22

an increase in responding that follows a change in stimulus to which habituation has occurred

Answer 22

dishabituation

Question 23

the sequential occurrence or proximity of stimulus and response, causing their association in mind

Answer 23

contiguity

Question 24

learning based on the anticipation of the absence of a biological event

Answer 24

inhibitory conditioning

Question 25

reintroducing the CS and US after extinction can reform the acquisition faster than originally

Answer 25

reacquisition

Question 26

pattern of responding is often represented in graph

Answer 26

generalization gradient

Question 27

the established CS is now paired with a new stimulus, allowing the new stimulus to become another CS capable of eliciting a CR

Answer 27

higher-order conditioning

Question 28

how the stimuli are related in terms of time

Answer 28

temporal arrangement

Question 29

where the onset of the CS occurs first, followed by the onset of the US

Answer 29

short-delay conditioning

Question 30

the sudden recovery of a conditional response following a rest period after extinction

Answer 30

spontaneous recovery