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Bio 186 > Membrane structure and function > Flashcards

Membrane structure and function Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

lipids components

A
  • phosphogylcerides *
  • sphingolipids
  • sterols
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2
Q

Proteins components

A
  • peripheral (membrane interacting)

- integral (through membrane)

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3
Q

Carbohydrates components

A

-mono, di, oligo (glyco- protein and lipids)

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4
Q

Selective permability

A

intrinsic phospolipids

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5
Q

energy transduction

A
  • inner mitochondrial membrane- ETC
  • chloroplast thylakoid- Photosynthesis
  • bacterial plasma membrane
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6
Q

transport

A

proteins transport

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7
Q

aquaporins

A

H2O transport

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8
Q

communication

A 
single transduction (hormones) and cell-cell recognition (gylcoprotein identification)
-enyzme activity faciliate intercellular joining
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9
Q

E-face

A

exoplasmic

-outside facing

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10
Q

P-face

A

protoplasmic

-inside facing

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11
Q

phospholipids

A

-can move lateral, rotatate, flex FA chain, and flip flop (enzyme called flipases)

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12
Q

Membrane proteins

A

move slowly but not laterally (diffuse slowly)
membrane must be fluid
too fluid= loss of organization and support
too rigid= poor motility

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13
Q

Factors effects membrane fluidity

A
  • less fluid; low temp, longer FA chain, trans double bonds
  • more fluid= high temp, shorter FA chain, cis double bonds
  • cholesterol= decrease fluidity at high temps and increase at low temps
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14
Q

Phosphlipid bilayer

A

-selective permeable (water can cross) and transport proteins allow additional discrimination

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15
Q

hydrophobic molecules

A

free diffusion

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16
Q

small uncharged polar molecules

A

some resistance, transport protein helps

17
Q

large uncharged polar molecules

A

large resistance, transport protein required

18
Q

inorganic ions

A

large resistance, transport protein required

19
Q

Passive transport

A

diffusion of substances across membrane with no energy investment

20
Q

diffusion

A

substance moves from high concentration to low via thermal motion

21
Q

concentration gradient

A

difference in solute concentration across membrane or between two parts

22
Q

Osomsis

A

simple diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane

23
Q

molarity

A

concentration of solute (pressure)

24
Q

osmolarity

A

concentration of solvent (pressure)

25
Q

osmotic pressure

A

solution to take up water when separated from pure water by semipermeable membrane Higher osM=higher concentration of solvent

26
Q

tonicity

A

ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water

solute concentration

27
Q

isomotic vs isotonic

A
  • same osmotic pressure as other fluid

- some solute concentration of solute

28
Q

hyperosmotic vs hypertonic

A
  • same higher osmotic pressure then other fluid

- fluid with greater concentration of solute

29
Q

hypoosmotic vs hypotonic

A
  • lower osmotic pressure then other fluid

- fluid with lower concentration of solute

30
Q

Faciliate diffusion

A
  • channel protein= hydrophilic channels allow ions past
  • carrier protein= shape changes which takes ions across
  • No ATP needed
31
Q

Active transport

A

-moves substance across membrane, through transport protein against a chemical gradient (requires energy)

32
Q

active transport energy sources

A
  • ATP hydrolysis
  • light absorbance
  • e- transport (cotransport with something moving down its gradient)
33
Q

Exocytosis

A

removal of extracellular fluid (out)

34
Q

constitutive exocytosis

A

continuous, supplies proteins and lipids to plasma membrane and secretes molecules from cell

35
Q

regulated exocytosis

A

operates in secretory cells, membrane fusion occurs only in response to extracellular signal

36
Q

Endocytosis

A

uptake of molecules to extracellular fluid (taken in)

37
Q

Phagocytosis

A

uptake of large bulky material (feeding and defence)

-microfilaments/myosin cause engulphment and then pinching off into cell

38
Q

pinocytosis

A

ingestion of liquid into cell by budding membrane

39
Q

receptor mediated endocytosis

A

specific molecules are taken up form extracellular fluid, mediated by cell membrane and cytosolic proteins
-forms coated vesicles

Bio 186 (12 decks)

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