Melasma

Question 1

What is Melasma?

Answer 1

Hyperpigmentation disorder mainly affecting sun exposed areas (esp face)

Often occurs in women and is linked to hormonal changes
More prevelant in individuals with darker skin tones

Question 2

What are clinical features?

Answer 2

Symmetrical hyperpigmented macules- Brown/Grey-brown on the face
- commonly on cheeks/forehead/upper lip and chin

Butterfly distribution
- central face involvement is common
- can affect neck and forearms

Question 3

What is the management?

Answer 3

Sun protection- to prevent worsening
Topical Treatments
- Hydroquinone- 1st line
- Tretinoin- often combined with Hydroquinone
- Triple therapy- hydroquinone, steroid and tretinoin

Question 4

What is milia?

Answer 4

From maldeveloped sweat/sebaceous glands
Very common in newborn babies

Question 5

What are clinical features of milia?

Answer 5

Small 1-2mm white/yellow papules that commonly occur over nose and face
Normally self resolve within a few weeks
No treatment required