Meiosis And Sexual Reproduction

Question 1

Carries the genetic code

Natural polymer of nucleotides

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Made from molecules of DNA that store genetic information

Answer 2

Chromosomes

Question 3

Different forms of a gene

Answer 3

Alleles

Question 4

A sex cell

Answer 4

Gamete

Question 5

46 cells

Fertilised egg

Answer 5

Zygote

Question 6

Collection of alleles

Genetic makeup

Answer 6

Genotype

Question 7

When a genotype interacts with the environment

Answer 7

Phenotype

Question 8

Allele always expressed

Answer 8

Dominant

Question 9

Only expressed in absence of dominant allele

Answer 9

Recessive

Question 10

AA / aa

Aa

Answer 10

Homozygous

Heterozygous

Question 11

Genetic variant

Answer 11

Different version of a gene

Question 12

Organisms complete set of DNA

Answer 12

Genome

Question 13

Technique to work out the genome

Answer 13

Genome sequencing

Question 14

Carries the same gene

Answer 14

Homologous

Question 15

Half the chromosome number

Answer 15

Haploid

Question 16

Complete chromosome number

Answer 16

Diploid

Question 17

Double checks duplicated chromosomes

Answer 17

Interphase

Question 18

DNA synthesis replicates genetic material, x2 chromatids

Answer 18

S-phase

Question 19

Chromosome pair up at synapsis
Aligns with homologues partner
Crossing over may occur (synaptonmal protein)
Spindle fibres emerge from centrosomes

Answer 19

Prophase I

Question 20

Homologues chromosomes line at equatorial pole

Attaches spindle fibres

Answer 20

Metaphase I

Question 21

Spindle fibres pull homologues chromosomes apart

Reduction phase

Answer 21

Anaphase I

Question 22

Homologues decondense

Nuclear envelope reforms

Answer 22

Telophase I and II

Question 23

Cytoplasm divides

2 haploid cells

Answer 23

Cytokinesis in meiosis I

Question 24

Meiosis II has no initial …

Answer 24

S phase

Question 25

In meiosis II ..... are duplicated

Answer 25

Centrosomes

Question 26

Chromosomes condense Nuclear envelope fragments New spindles form Kinetochores of each chromosome attach

Answer 26

Prophase II

Question 27

Each sister chromatid forms kinetochore and attach to microtubules from opposite poles Align at equator

Answer 27

Metaphase II

Question 28

Sister chromatids pulled apart | Division of centromeres=individual chromosomes

Answer 28

Anaphase II

Question 29

Two cells into four genetically unique haploid cells

Answer 29

Cytokinesis II

Question 30

Cell cycle arrest

Answer 30

G0

Question 31

When does an exchange of chromatid parts via crossing over occur?

Answer 31

Prophase I

Question 32

Random assortment in metaphase I?

Answer 32

Random lining up of homologous chromosomes- randomly distributed

Question 33

Many possible combination to produce a greater genetic variability. Greater opportunities to adapt to environment

Answer 33

Genetic variation

Question 34

Diploid and haploid alternates

Answer 34

Plants