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Biological&Chemical Systems > Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

4 stages of respiration

A

Glycolysis
Pyruvate oxidation (link)
Citric avid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation (ETC)

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2
Q

Glucose is harnessed in chemical bonds of ATP and the ETC
Oxidised slowly
Co2 and H2O releases

A

Carbohydrate catabolism

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3
Q

Glycolysis summary (4)

A
  1. 6C glucose to pyruvate
  2. Anaerobic process
  3. 2ATP net gain
  4. 2 NADH
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4
Q

Glucose
|
|
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

A

Glycolysis phase 1 (PREPARATORY)

ATP —-> ADP

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5
Q

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
|
|
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (x2)

A

Phase 2 glycolysis (CLEAVAGE)

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6
Q

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (x2)
|
|
Pyruvate

A

Glycolysis phase 4

PAYOFF

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7
Q

Pyruvate——> Acetyl- coA (x2)

A

Pyruvate oxidation

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8
Q

What catalyses pyruvate oxidation?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

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9
Q

What is required in pyruvate oxidation?

A

Coenzyme A
NADH
Co2 leaves

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10
Q

=2ATP
6 NAHD
2 FADH2

A

Citric acid cycle

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11
Q

What is decarboxylation?

A

Removal of CO2

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12
Q

Citric acid cycle steps-

A 
O xaloacelate
C itrate
I socitrate
a -ketoglutarate
S uccinyl
S uccinate
F umerate 
M alate
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13
Q

What gradient has high potential energy in respiration?

A

Proton

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14
Q

CoQ accepts e- from complex I and II, reducing it to…

A

CoQH2

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15
Q

Complex III transfers e- to…

A

Cytochrome C

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16
Q

ATP synthase is a molecular system containing…

A

F0

F1

17
Q

Forms a channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane which protons flow

A

F0

18
Q

Is the catalytic unit that synthesises ATP. Protons flow through to help the enzyme

A

F1

19
Q

Rocker and Stoeckenius 1970

A

Built an artificial system for concentration of protons and ATP in light and dark

20
Q

Complete oxidation of glucose forms…

A

32 ATP

21
Q

Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi ——>

A

2 lactic acid+ 2 ATP+ 2H2O

22
Q

Fermentation happens in the absence of…

A

Oxygen

23
Q

Ethanol fermentation occurs in…

A

Plants

24
Q

2 pyruvate + 2ADP + 2Pi ——>

A

2 ethanol + 2 ATP + 2 H2O + 2 Co2

25
Q

Excess glucose stored as…

A

Glycogen

26
Q

Glucose molecules can be cleaved one at a time to yield…

A

glucose-6-phosphate

27
Q

Fatty acids are shortened by…

A

B-oxidation

28
Q

ADP+AMP into phosphofructokinase-1

A

ATP ACTIVATION

29
Q

ATP blocked from phosphofructokinase-1

A

INHIBITATION

30
Q

phosphofructokinase-1 helps to continue…

A

Glycolysis

Biological&Chemical Systems (18 decks)

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