Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

G12 Biology > Meiosis > Flashcards

Meiosis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A chromosome consists of ___ coiled around ______.

A

DNA; histones (proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the chromatin network?

A

The thread-like network which DNA forms when the cell is not dividing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a somatic cell?

A

A body cell. i.e. snot a sex cell (gamete)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a homologous chromosome pair?

A

A pair of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal, which are similar to each other in size and shape and the type of genetic information they carry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many sets of chromosomes do gametes have? And does this make them diploid or haploid?

A

One set; haploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is the zygote haploid or diploid?

A

Diploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Does the zygote divide by mitosis or meiosis?

A

Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a karyotype?

A

The complete set of chromosomes, arranged by size, shape and number in homologous pairs, within a somatic cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are autosomes?

A

Ordinary chromosomes that have nothing to do with determining sex.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are gonosomes?

A

The pair of sex chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many pairs of autosomes does a human karyotype have?

A

22 pairs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which pair of chromosomes are the gonosomes?

A

Pair number 23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the cell cycle?

A

The period during which a cell grows, replicates genetic material and divides.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the two parts of the cell cycle?

A

Interphase and Dividing phase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two types of cell division?

A

Mitosis and meiosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which type of cells undergo mitosis?

A

Somatic cells.

17
Q

What are the phases of mitosis?

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

18
Q

Where does meiosis occur?

A

In the primary reproductive organs

19
Q

What occurs during prophase 1?

A

Nuclear membrane starts to disappear
Centrosome splits into centrioles which separate and form spindle fibres
Bivalent is formed as chromosomes form
Crossing over

20
Q

What is the chiasma (/chiasmata)?

A

The point at which the inner chromatids of a homologous pair touch

21
Q

What occurs during metaphase 1?

A

Chromosomes align at equator with homologous chromosomes on opposite sides
Chromosomes become attached to spindle fibres

22
Q

What occurs during anaphase 1?

A

One whole chromosome from each pair is pulled to opposite poles by the spindle fibres

23
Q

What occurs during telophase 1?

A

A new nuclear membrane forms around the groups of chromosomes at the poles
Nuclear membrane returns
Cytokinesis splits mother cell

24
Q

What occurs during prophase 2?

A

Nuclear membrane and nucleolus start to disappear

Centrosome splits into centrioles which separate and form spindle fibres

25
Q

What occurs during metaphase 2?

A

Single chromosomes align with the centromere on the equator

Each chromosome attaches to a spindle fibre

26
Q

What occurs during anaphase 2?

A

Centromere splits and the two chromatids are pulled to opposite poles

27
Q

What occurs during telophase 2?

A

New nuclear membrane forms around the unreplicated chromosomes at each pole
Cytokinesis

28
Q

Define meiosis

A

The cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms

G12 Biology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions