Mehl. UW Measles virus (rubeola) 03-01 (1) Flashcards
UW. measles table. transmission?
Airborn respiratory particles
UW. measles table. CP?
Prodrome: cough, coryza, conjuctivitis, fever, KOPLIK SPOTS
maculopapular exanthem: cephalocaudal and centrifugal spread; usually SPARES PALMS AND SOLES
UW. measles table. Mx?2
Supportive
Vitamin A
UW. measles table. Complications?
Pneumonia
Neurologic: encephalitis - days; acute disseminated encephalomyelitis - weeks; Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (years)
UW. measles table. prevention?
Live attenuated vaccine
UW. measles (rubeolla)!!
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UW. measles. Child is ill-appearing + cought, rhinorrhea + rashes. In rubella - mild infection, no rhinorrhea, same spread of rashes.
In measles - spares palms and soles from rashes.
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UW. measles. Typical CP. most effective in preventing nosocomial transmission, what care?
airborne precautions (35 proc.)
vs droplet precautions (zymejo 53 proc,.)
UW. measles. incubation duration?
1-3 weeks. Asymptomatic (nu tai todel ir incubation)
UW. measles. prodrome duration?
2-4 days. most contagious during this stage. symptoms were mentioned in the table
UW. measles. exanthem duration?
eina po prodrome. duration 6-7 days. CP - maculopapular rash. sito pradzioj dar irgi gali but contagious
UW. measles. recovery stage duration?
~7 days.
UW. measles. size or particles?
SMALL SIZE =<5 microm. = AIRBONE.
UW. measles. buvo kitas, neteisingas ats apie droplet. What size?
LARGE SIZE >5 microm.
UW. measles. In this disease = small particles. Spread - via inhalation of there infectious respiratory particles, which can remain suspended in the air for hours in a closed space due to small size.
Also, can spread via direct contact with mucosal surface (eg mouth, eyes)
UW. measles. safety precautions?
patients with known or suspected measles should be isolated and cared according to airborne precautions = negative pressure room, N95 face masks.
UW. measles. best prevention = vaccine. when?
at 1 y/o + 4 y/o.
For planned international travels, an additional dose between age 6 months and age 11 months is also recommended.
UW. measles. kitas ats buvo droplet precautions. wrong.
Use surgical masks in these cases. Particles typically dispersed over short distances and remain suspended in air only briefly, as with INFLUENZA VIRUS.
Droplet precautions does not prevent the spread of smaller airborne particles associated with the measles virus.
Mehl. measles. Aka rubeola; causes a head-to-toe macular popular rash.
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Mehl. measles. pathognomic finding?
Koplik spots (pathognomonic whiteish lesions on buccal mucosa).
Mehl. measles. Hx of what? in usmle
Immigrant Hx on USMLE sometimes implies unvaccinated status.
Mehl. measles. can rarely cause what neuro?
Can rarely cause subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (reactivation of latent infection in the CNS in teenagers)
Mehl. measles -> vs rubella. ITS NOT THE SAME
Rubella also causes a head-to-toe macular popular rash, but rather than Koplik spots, suboccipital and post-auricular lymphadenopathy (tenderness on back of head and behind ears) is characteristic.
UW. measles. vit. A. how likely reduce complications?
through the promotion of antibody-producing cells and regeneration of epithelial cells (eg, in the gut, lungs, and retina).
UW. measles. supportive Tx?
fluids, antipyretics
Mehl. how to diff. measles (rubeolla) vs rubella?
KOPLIKS spots in measles!!!
Mehl. deffinition of Koplik?
White/blue-ish spots on buccal mucosa.
Mehl. The same way you can memorize Koplik spots as unique to measles, you should memorize sub-occipital and post-auricular lymphadenophaty as unique to rubella.
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Mehl. Both measles and rubella have a head-to-toe masculopapular body rash.
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Mehl. Both can present with fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis. These findings are non-specific for viral infection; it’s been erroneously attributed to only measles over the years, but I’ve it show up in numerous NBME Qs for a variety of viruses).
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