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NYCC Neuro 1 > Medulla > Flashcards

Medulla Flashcards

1
Q

dorsal column/medial lemniscal system

Fasciculus gracilis synapse with ____ afferents in ____

A

2° afferents in Nucleus Gracilis

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2
Q

dorsal column/medial lemniscal system

Fasciculus cuneatus axons synapse with ____

A

Nucleus Cuneatus

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3
Q

dorsal column/medial lemniscal system

Crossing Axons of both sets of DCML 2° afferents form ____

A

Internal Arcuate Fibers (crossing fibers)

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4
Q

Axons forming Internal Arcuate Fibers cross to the opposite site via….

A

the Great Sensory Decussation

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5
Q

What forms the Medial Lemniscus?

A

Tract of 2° afferents carrying deep sensibility from the contralateral half of the body (DCML)

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6
Q

When internal Arcuate fibers cross the great sensory decussation they form ____

A

Medial Lemniscus

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7
Q

Spinocerebellar tracts carry ____ from the ____

A

Proprioception from the lower body

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8
Q

Dorsal spinocerebellar tract enters the cerebellum via ____

A

The inferior cerebellar peduncle

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9
Q

Ventral spinocerebellar tract enters the cerebellum via ___

A

The superior cerebellar peduncle

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10
Q

What crosses at the great sensory decussation?

A

Internal Arcuate fibers (DCLM)

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11
Q

pain & temperature from ipsilateral face & other areas of the head enter the ____

A

spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)

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12
Q

pain & temperature from the face

1° axons from the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve synapse with ____ in the ____

A

secondary afferents in the nucleus of the spinal tract of trigeminal

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13
Q

pain & temperature from the face

secondary axons cross the midline to form the ____

A

trigeminal lemniscus

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14
Q

trigeminal lemniscus ends at the ____

A

thalamus

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15
Q

what carries pain & temperature from the contralateral side of the body to the thalamus?

A

spinothalamic tracts

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16
Q

spinothalamic tracts carry ____ neurons for ____

A

secondary afferent neurons for pain & temperature

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17
Q

the pyramid contains ____ to the ____ half of the body

A

corticospinal fibers (UMNs) to the contralateral side of the body

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18
Q

at the pyramidal decussation, ____% of fibers cross to form the ____

A

85%
lateral corticospinal tract

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19
Q

at the pyramidal decussation, ____% of fibers do not cross, and form the ____

A

15%
ventral corticospinal tract

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20
Q

tract connecting cranial nerve nuclei and autonomic centers to coordinate vestibular input & head, neck, and eye movements

connects cranial nerves that move the eyes

A

medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

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21
Q

medial longitudinal fasciculus is involved in ____

A

conjugate horizontal eye movements (eyes move in synchrony)

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22
Q

lesion to medial longitudinal fasciculus causes ____

A

internuclear opthalmopegia

eyes cannot move in synchrony

23
Q

synchronous eye movement requires coordination through the ____

A

medial longitudinal fasciculus

24
Q

diffuse area in the brainstem with small nuclei and fibers

A

reticular formation

25
Q

reticular formation is involved in ____

A

autonomic functions
- sympathetic & parasympathetic
- includes cardiovascular & respiratory centers

26
Q

what is responsible for maintaining consciousness & alertness by monitoring sensory stimuli?

A

reticular activating system

27
Q

what is responsible for breathing rate & HR?

A

reticular formation

28
Q

lesion of reticular formation may lead to ____

A

coma or death

29
Q

the hypoglossal nucleus is located under ___

A

hypoglossal trigone

30
Q

hypoglossal nucleus contains ____

A

cell bodies of LMNs to ipsilateral tongue muscles

31
Q

dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus is a ____

A

parasympathetic nucleus for respiratory system, heart, and GI system

32
Q

dorsal motor nucleus is mostly for the ____ nerve

A

vagus nerve (CN X)

33
Q

vestibular nuclei receive afferents from the ____

A

vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

34
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve contains afferents responsible for ____

A

balance & equilibrium

35
Q

vestibular nuclei project to the…

A

spinal cord, cerebellum, MLF

36
Q

solitary tract & nucleus receives taste fibers from the ____, ____, and ____ nerves

A

facial (CN VII)
glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
vagus (CN X)

37
Q

involved in afferent autonomic limb of visceral reflexes of cardiovascular and GI systems

A

solitary tract & nucleus

38
Q

What is the motor nucleus to the ipsilateral muscles of larynx, pharynx and palate?

A

Nucleus ambiguus

39
Q

What nerves innervate larynx, pharynx, and palate?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
Vagus (CN X)
Accessory (CN XI)

40
Q

What nerve innervates stylopharyngeus muscle?

A

CN IX - glossopharyngeal

41
Q

What nerves innervate other laryngeal, pharyngeal and palatal muscles by means of the Vagus?

A

CN X Vagus
CN XI accessory

42
Q

Lesion of nucleus ambiguus or CN X leads to…

A

Dysphonia (hoarseness speaking)
Dysphasgia (difficulty swallowing)
Uvula deviation to good side due to paralyzed innervated muscles

43
Q

Inferior Olivary nucleus is involved in ____

A

Motor control

44
Q

Inferior olivary nucleus receives input from ____

A

Spinal cord, cortex, and other areas

45
Q

Inferior olivary nucleus projects to ____

A

Cerebellum

46
Q

What is the Inferior cerebellar peduncle?

A

A large bundle of fibers, mostly going to the cerebellum

47
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle contains…

A

Dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT) and olivocerebellar fibers

48
Q

Dorsal cochlear nucleus receives fibers involved in…

A

Hearing

49
Q

Dorsal cochlear receives fibers from…

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

50
Q

What are Olivocerebellar fibers?

A

Axons involved in motor control from inferior olivary nucleus to contralateral cerebellum

51
Q

Dorsal cochlear nucleus is located in…

A

Acoustic tubercle

52
Q

What nuclei are located in the lower medulla?

A

Nucleus of trigeminal
Nucleus gracilis
Nucleus cuneatus

53
Q

What nuclei are located in the middle medulla?

A

Vestibular
Solitary
Dorsal motor nucleus of X
Hypoglossal
Ambiguus
Inferior olivary

54
Q

What nuclei are located in the upper medulla?

A

Inferior olivary
Ambiguus
Hypoglossal
Dorsal motor nucleus of X

NYCC Neuro 1 (20 decks)

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