Intro to Neuro Flashcards
Components of CNS
- Cerebrum
- Diencephalon
- Cerebellum
- Brain Stem (midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata)
- Spinal Cord
The CNS is surrounded by 3 connective tissue membranes called ____
meninges
What are the layers of mininges from inside out?
pia, arachnoid, dura mater
what are the leptomeninges?
pia + arachnoid mater
what is the pachymeninx?
dura mater
Structure
Dura mater
Cranial dura - double layer (includes spinal dura)
Spinal dura continuous with inner cranial dura
what is the space between pia and arachnoid maters?
subarachnoid space
what is the subarachnoid space filled with?
cerebrospinal fluid
what is the space between arachnoid and dura maters?
subdural space
what is the space outside the dura?
epidural space
subdural space and epidural space are ____ ____
potential spaces
Components of PNS
processes of CNS forming cranial nerves, and spinal nerves
cranial nerves are associated with the ____
brainstem
spinal nerves are associated with the ____
spinal cord
connective tissue layer covering each myelinated neuron
endoneurium
Groups of nerve fibers form ____
fascicles
connective tissue layer covering fascicles
perineurium
fascicles bound together form a ____
nerve
connective tissue layer covering nerves
epineurium
layers of a neuron
neurons [endoneurium] -> fascicles [perineurium] -> nerve [epineurium]
the term ‘somatic’ refers to ____, ____, ____
skin, skeletal muscle, bone
somatic efferent information is sent from the ____ to ____
brain to skeletal muscle for movement
somatic afferent information
gathered by receptors in skin, skeletal muscle and bone, and sent to the brain for analysis
What is another term for the visceral NS?
autonomic
the term ‘visceral’ refers to ____, ____, ____, ____
smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands and organs
visceral afferent information
gathered by receptors in smooth/cardiac muscle, glands & organs and sent to brain for analysis
visceral efferent information
sent through the endocrine and autonomic NS
what system is responsible for the feeling of hunger?
visceral (afferent)
what system is responsible for the knee-jerk reflex?
somatic
what system sends information from the brain to skeletal muscle for movement?
somatic efferent
what system gathers information from skin to be sent to the brain?
somatic afferent
what system gathers information in smooth muscle to be sent to the brain?
visceral afferent
what system sends information from the brain through the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems?
visceral efferent
