Cerebral Cortex

Question 1

lobes of cerebral hemisphere

Answer 1

frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital

Question 2

what separates the frontal & parietal lobes?

Answer 2

central sulcus

Question 3

each lobe is subdivided into ____ by fissures called ____

Answer 3

gyri
sulci

Question 4

each cerebral hemisphere primarily controls or receives information from…

Answer 4

contralateral body

Question 5

what connects the 2 brains?

Answer 5

corpus callosum

Question 6

Broadmann’s areas

Answer 6

52 cortical divisions presenting with different histological layouts

Question 7

frontal lobe consists of…

Answer 7

• superior, middle & inferior gyri
• precentral gyrus on lateral surface
• gyrus rectus & orbital gyri on inferior surface

Question 8

Brodmann’s area 4

Answer 8

(frontal lobe)
Primary motor cortex concerned with motion of a joint along a vector

Question 9

homunculus

Answer 9

representation of cortical areas dedicated to processing information from a particular part of the body

Question 10

motor homunculus

Answer 10

precentral gyrus and anterior paracentral lobule

Question 11

what is the area anterior to the precentral gyrus?

Answer 11

premotor and supplementary motor cortex

Question 12

premotor and supplementary motor cortex are associated with…

Answer 12

motor preparation and programming

Question 13

Brodmann’s area 6

Answer 13

premotor & supplementary motor cortex

Question 14

what is the anterior & inferior portion of the frontal lobe?

Answer 14

prefrontal cortex

Question 15

prefrontal cortex is concerned with…

Answer 15

motor integration & planning, cognition, judgment, impulse control

Question 16

where is Broca’s area located?

Answer 16

on the dominant hemisphere, in the posterior portion of the inferior frontal gyrus

Question 17

Broca’s area controls…

Answer 17

language production

Question 18

lesion of Broca’s area

Answer 18

expressive aphasia characterized by non-fluent speech, impaired repetition, but mostly preserved language comprehension

Question 19

temporal lobe consists of…

Answer 19

• superior, middle & inferior temporal gyri on lateral surface
• parahippocampal gyrus
• medial & lateral occipitotemporal gyri on inferior surface

Question 20

transverse temporal gyri of Heschl are the ____

Answer 20

primary auditory cortex

Question 21

location of insula

Answer 21

deep into lateral fissure

Question 22

function of insula

Answer 22

auditory integration & taste

Question 23

where is the planum temporale located?

Answer 23

on the dominant hemisphere, on the posterior aspect of the superior temporal gyrus

Question 24

what makes up Wernicke’s area?

Answer 24

planum temporale with the inferior parietal lobule

Question 25

occipitotemporal gyri are the...

Answer 25

visual association areas concerned with perception of contrast colour and shape

Question 26

lesion of occipitotemporal gyri

Answer 26

agnosia

Question 27

parahippocampal gyrus, underlying hippocampal formation and amygdala are part of the ____

Answer 27

limbic system

Question 28

parahippocampal gyrus, underline hippocampal formation and amygdala are concerned with...

Answer 28

vital functions such as feeding, reproduction, emotion, memory

Question 29

what is Wernicke's area?

Answer 29

- posterior portion of superior temporal gyrus & with adjoining supramarginal & angular gyrus (inferior parietal lobule) on the dominant hemisphere - concerned with language comprehension

Question 30

lesion of Wernicke's area

Answer 30

Wernicke's aphasia (receptive) characterized by fluent speech with impaired repetition & comprehension

Question 31

parietal lobe consists of...

Answer 31

- precuneus on medial surface - postcentral gyrus - superior & inferior parietal lobules on lateral surface

Question 32

inferior parietal lobule is divided into...

Answer 32

supramarginal and angular gyri

Question 33

Brodmann's areas 3,1,2 are the ____

Answer 33

primary somatosensory cortex

Question 34

area posterior to primary somatosensory cortex is the ____

Answer 34

sensory association area

Question 35

sensory homunculus

Answer 35

postcentral gyrus and the posterior aspect of paracentral lobule

Question 36

posterior parietal association area (superior & inferior parietal lobules) receive...

Answer 36

visual, auditory & limbic inputs concerning 3D perception

Question 37

lesion of posterior parietal association areas on the right (non-dominant) hemisphere

Answer 37

- astereognosis: inability to recognize 3D objects by touch - personal neglect syndrome (left hemineglect often accompanied by anosognosia): ignoring left side of one's body - spatial neglect syndrome: ignoring left visual field

Question 38

lesion of posterior parietal association areas on left

Answer 38

sensory language deficits Gerstman syndrome (left angular gyrus): - acalculia - agraphia - right-left disorientation - finger agnosia

Question 39

occipital lobe consists of...

Answer 39

cuneus & lingual gyri

Question 40

Brodmann's areas of occipital lobe

Answer 40

17, 18, 19 primary & association visual cortices

Question 41

lesion of occipital lobe

Answer 41

anopsia

Question 42

Which hemisphere is usually dominant?

Answer 42

Left