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NYCC Neuro 1 > Cerebral Cortex > Flashcards

Cerebral Cortex Flashcards

1
Q

lobes of cerebral hemisphere

A

frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital

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2
Q

what separates the frontal & parietal lobes?

A

central sulcus

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3
Q

each lobe is subdivided into ____ by fissures called ____

A

gyri
sulci

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4
Q

each cerebral hemisphere primarily controls or receives information from…

A

contralateral body

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5
Q

what connects the 2 brains?

A

corpus callosum

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6
Q

Broadmann’s areas

A

52 cortical divisions presenting with different histological layouts

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7
Q

frontal lobe consists of…

A
  • superior, middle & inferior gyri
  • precentral gyrus on lateral surface
  • gyrus rectus & orbital gyri on inferior surface
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8
Q

Brodmann’s area 4

A

(frontal lobe)
Primary motor cortex concerned with motion of a joint along a vector

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9
Q

homunculus

A

representation of cortical areas dedicated to processing information from a particular part of the body

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10
Q

motor homunculus

A

precentral gyrus and anterior paracentral lobule

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11
Q

what is the area anterior to the precentral gyrus?

A

premotor and supplementary motor cortex

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12
Q

premotor and supplementary motor cortex are associated with…

A

motor preparation and programming

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13
Q

Brodmann’s area 6

A

premotor & supplementary motor cortex

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14
Q

what is the anterior & inferior portion of the frontal lobe?

A

prefrontal cortex

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15
Q

prefrontal cortex is concerned with…

A

motor integration & planning, cognition, judgment, impulse control

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16
Q

where is Broca’s area located?

A

on the dominant hemisphere, in the posterior portion of the inferior frontal gyrus

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17
Q

Broca’s area controls…

A

language production

18
Q

lesion of Broca’s area

A

expressive aphasia characterized by non-fluent speech, impaired repetition, but mostly preserved language comprehension

19
Q

temporal lobe consists of…

A
  • superior, middle & inferior temporal gyri on lateral surface
  • parahippocampal gyrus
  • medial & lateral occipitotemporal gyri on inferior surface
20
Q

transverse temporal gyri of Heschl are the ____

A

primary auditory cortex

21
Q

location of insula

A

deep into lateral fissure

22
Q

function of insula

A

auditory integration & taste

23
Q

where is the planum temporale located?

A

on the dominant hemisphere, on the posterior aspect of the superior temporal gyrus

24
Q

what makes up Wernicke’s area?

A

planum temporale with the inferior parietal lobule

25
Q

occipitotemporal gyri are the…

A

visual association areas concerned with perception of contrast colour and shape

26
Q

lesion of occipitotemporal gyri

A

agnosia

27
Q

parahippocampal gyrus, underlying hippocampal formation and amygdala are part of the ____

A

limbic system

28
Q

parahippocampal gyrus, underline hippocampal formation and amygdala are concerned with…

A

vital functions such as feeding, reproduction, emotion, memory

29
Q

what is Wernicke’s area?

A
  • posterior portion of superior temporal gyrus & with adjoining supramarginal & angular gyrus (inferior parietal lobule) on the dominant hemisphere
  • concerned with language comprehension
30
Q

lesion of Wernicke’s area

A

Wernicke’s aphasia (receptive) characterized by fluent speech with impaired repetition & comprehension

31
Q

parietal lobe consists of…

A
  • precuneus on medial surface
  • postcentral gyrus
  • superior & inferior parietal lobules on lateral surface
32
Q

inferior parietal lobule is divided into…

A

supramarginal and angular gyri

33
Q

Brodmann’s areas 3,1,2 are the ____

A

primary somatosensory cortex

34
Q

area posterior to primary somatosensory cortex is the ____

A

sensory association area

35
Q

sensory homunculus

A

postcentral gyrus and the posterior aspect of paracentral lobule

36
Q

posterior parietal association area (superior & inferior parietal lobules) receive…

A

visual, auditory & limbic inputs concerning 3D perception

37
Q

lesion of posterior parietal association areas on the right (non-dominant) hemisphere

A
  • astereognosis: inability to recognize 3D objects by touch
  • personal neglect syndrome (left hemineglect often accompanied by anosognosia): ignoring left side of one’s body
  • spatial neglect syndrome: ignoring left visual field
38
Q

lesion of posterior parietal association areas on left

A

sensory language deficits
Gerstman syndrome (left angular gyrus):
- acalculia
- agraphia
- right-left disorientation
- finger agnosia

39
Q

occipital lobe consists of…

A

cuneus & lingual gyri

40
Q

Brodmann’s areas of occipital lobe

A

17, 18, 19
primary & association visual cortices

41
Q

lesion of occipital lobe

A

anopsia

42
Q

Which hemisphere is usually dominant?

A

Left

NYCC Neuro 1 (20 decks)

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