Meds

Question 1

zidovudine (Retrovir)

Answer 1

antiviral for HIV. Used to reduce transmission of HIV from a mother to fetus. Take at least six weeks after birth

Question 2

Long term effects of zidovudine (Retrovir)

Answer 2

neutropenia and severe anemia through suppression of the bone marrow function.

Question 3

hydroxurea (Droxia, Hydrea)

Answer 3

managing sickle cell disease to decrease the number of acute chest syndrome events, pain crises, decrease need for blood transfusions, prevents damage to organs by increasing fetal Hbg in RBC so they stay round and flexible

Question 4

Education for hydroxurea (Droxia, Hydrea)

Answer 4

must be taken daily. will not cure SCD. Takes several months to reach the full dose - dose is started low and increased

Question 5

deferasirox (Exjade)

Answer 5

used to lower iron from the body caused by frequent blood transfusions. The human body can’t excrete excess iron. It is stored in the liver and the heart and can cause organ damage. 2 years and older

Question 6

Iron levels to measure for deferaxirox (Exjade)

Answer 6

Serum Ferritin test, Hepatic Iron Count

Question 7

Maintains the patency of the ductus arteriosus

Answer 7

prostaglandin (given in ICU)

Question 8

common side effects of prostaglandin

Answer 8

cutaneous vasodilation, bradycardia, tachycardia, hypotension, seizure-like activity, hyperthermia, and apnea

Question 9

what has a faster onset and shorter duration than morphine

Answer 9

fentanyl

Question 10

bolus dose of morphine

Answer 10

0.02mg/kg is the minimum dose required to produce satisfactory analgesia without causing significant SE

Question 11

SE of morphine

Answer 11

constipation, N/V, itchiness, drowsiness, urinate a lot, mood change. Monitor RR and pattern

Question 12

How do you stop morphone

Answer 12

slowly

Question 13

given to cause vasodilation, decreases BP, improves renal blood flow

Answer 13

captopril, enalopril

Question 14

creatinine level for newborn

Answer 14

0.2-1.0 mg/dL

Question 15

Monitor what for captopril and enalapril

Answer 15

cough, renal dysfunction

Question 16

decreases cardiac output, specifically treats supraventricular tachycardia/hypertension, increases contractability and excitability

Answer 16

propranolol, carvedilol

Question 17

which meds are the opposite of digoxin

Answer 17

-lol meds

Question 18

what do you monitor with propranolol and carvedilol

Answer 18

digoxin levels!!!!!!! These drugs can increase the plasma concentration of digoxin

Question 19

does not spare potassium and can cause HYPOkalemia

Answer 19

furosemide (Lasix)

Question 20

hypokalemia can increase the effects of?

Answer 20

digoxin

Question 21

spironolactone is potassium sparing so monitor for

Answer 21

arrhythmias

Question 22

how does digoxin work

Answer 22

increases force of myocardial contraction, therefore slowing HR and controls the rhythm improving tissue perfusion. Initiates diuresis and provides relief of edema. Excreted via the kidneys, however, diuretics do not affect the renal excretion of dig.

Question 23

hold digoxin when HR is

Answer 23

below 90

Question 24

the therapeutic range of dig

Answer 24

0.8-2.0 mg/L

Question 25

best to give dig how long after feedings

Answer 25

1-2 hrs

Question 26

digoxin is sweet so?

Answer 26

if the child has teeth give water after

Question 27

which electrolyte should you check when giving digoxin

Answer 27

Potassium (normal for infant is 3.7-5.2)

Question 28

S/S of digoxin toxicity

Answer 28

bradycardia/arrthmias, dizziness/headache, weakness and fatigue

Question 29

what can increase the effects of digoxin

Answer 29

hypokalemia

Question 30

what do Beta Blockers do to digoxin

Answer 30

increase the plasma concentration

Question 31

med for cerebral palsy

Answer 31

baclofen

Question 32

skeletal muscle relaxant reduces transmission of nerve impulses from spinal cord to skeletal muscles. Watch for RR issues

Answer 32

baclofen

Question 33

inhibits action potential

Answer 33

GABA