Cancer

Question 1

changes in cellular growth within the body

Answer 1

newplasms

Question 2

the cell realizes something is wrong and destroys itself

Answer 2

apoptosis. the process of apoptosis, or cell death, may not be well developed in young children, therefore rapid growth of abnormal cells is seen

Question 3

five cancers with familial tendancies

Answer 3

retinoblastoma, wilma tumor, multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2 (thyroid cancer), invasive colon cancer

Question 4

solid tumors

Answer 4

brain tumor, neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma

Question 5

bone tumors

Answer 5

esteosarcoma, ewing sarcoma

Question 6

soft tissue tumors

Answer 6

hodgkins and non hodgkins, rhadomyosarcoma, retinoblastoma

Question 7

ANC desired count

Answer 7

above 1000. lower is risk for infection

Question 8

greatest ANC count risk

Answer 8

below 500

Question 9

radiation is contained within some sort of device like a needle or seed device which may be placed near the tumor site temporarily or permanently

Answer 9

sealed radiation

Question 10

radiation is not contained in a device so the radiation is not configured to one ear of the body

Answer 10

unsealed

Question 11

administration of radiation therapy by inserting a radioactive source or applicator internally into the patient to deliver a high concentrated dose to a specific site

Answer 11

brachytherapy (internal radiation therapy)

Question 12

medications ending in what? are most vesicant

Answer 12

cin and tine

Question 13

if patient complains of pain with IV meds always

Answer 13

stop infusion. Everything else is secondary

Question 14

BARK SE of medications

Answer 14

Bone marrow depression. Alopecia. Retching (N/V), Fear and anxiety. Stomatitis.

Question 15

what do you give if zofran doesn’t work

Answer 15

Reglan

Question 16

myelosuppression

Answer 16

decreased bone marrow function

Question 17

products of cel lysis.

Answer 17

increased uric acid

Question 18

three chemo drugs that are especially toxic to kidneys

Answer 18

methotrexate, mitomycin, cisplatin

Question 19

S/S: behavioral and nervous changes, headache N/V, abnormal gait, dizziness, vision and hearing changes, fatigue

Answer 19

signs of brain tumor

Question 20

complications of brain tumor

Answer 20

infections, seizures, sensorimotor defects, hydrocephalus, growth problems, prophylactic anticonvulsants, DI, SIADH, sailor gait, various cranial nerves issues

Question 21

T N and M classifications

Answer 21

T - primary tumor, N - regional lymph nodes, M - distamnt metastasis

Question 22

MRI education

Answer 22

remove jewelry, body piercings, metallic objects in body, braces, metal dental bridgework

Question 23

education for radiation

Answer 23

wash gently mild soap and water, use hand to wash, rinse thoroughly, don’t remove markings, dry with patting motions, no powders and lotion etc., soft clothing, belts and things on it a no no, avoid sun and heat

Question 24

fresh from brachytherapy?

Answer 24

isolation

Question 25

three basic ways to reduce radiation exposure

Answer 25

DECREASE (time spent near). INCREASE (distance from source), INCREASE shielding

Question 26

chips that light up when heated proportional to exposure

Answer 26

desimeters

Question 27

how many feet from radiation

Answer 27

6

Question 28

how many minutes per visit time for radiations

Answer 28

30

Question 29

complications of brain tumor

Answer 29

hydrocephalus, DI, SIADH, infections, seizures, growth issues, impaired cognitive function, hormone imblance

Question 30

physiological assessment of brian tumor

Answer 30

sailor gait, disturbance of cranial nerves, head tilting, nystagmus

Question 31

solid tumor outside of cranium

Answer 31

neuroblastoma

Question 32

usually location is abdomen. may also occur in adrenal, thoracic and cervical areas

Answer 32

neuroblastoma

Question 33

weight loss, abdominal distention enlarged liver. S/S depend on location

Answer 33

neuroblastoma

Question 34

Grows quickly. Associated with congenital abnormalities, hemihypertrophy, hypertension, hematuria,

Answer 34

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

Question 35

poor dentation, poor bones, liver damage, portal hypertension, kyphosis and scoliosis,

Answer 35

wilms tumor

Question 36

tumor affecting skeleton of children

Answer 36

osteosarcoma (tumor on bone)

Question 37

malignant, small round tumor usually involving a long bone

Answer 37

ewing sarcoma

Question 38

seen in times of rapid growth

Answer 38

osteosarcoma

Question 39

radiation exposure is common cause, pain, night waking, adolescents, referred back or hip pain

Answer 39

osteosarcoma

Question 40

disorder of lymphoid tissue

Answer 40

hodgkin lymphoma

Question 41

fever, night sweats, weight loss, elevated leucocyte, ESR, non tender and firm nodes

Answer 41

hodgkin lymphoma

Question 42

3 times more likely in boys, malignant tumors of the lymphoreticular origin (internal framework of the lymph system), immature T cells

Answer 42

non hodgkin

Question 43

most often occurs in muscles around eyes and neck. most common soft tissue tumor in children.

Answer 43

rhadomyosarcoma

Question 44

swelling, ptosis, visual disturbances, eye movement abnormalities, rapid metastasis

Answer 44

rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 45

cats eye reflex (leukokoria/white pupil), fixed strabiamus, orbital inflammation, glaucoma

Answer 45

retinoblastoma

Question 46

pay attention to IOP

Answer 46

retinoblastoma

Question 47

blood cells release what when destroyed

Answer 47

bilirubin

Question 48

hematocrit

Answer 48

31.7-39.8%

Question 49

HGB

Answer 49

10.2-13.4 g/dL

Question 50

WBC count

Answer 50

4800-11,000

Question 51

RBC count

Answer 51

3800-5000

Question 52

platelet count

Answer 52

202-367 x 10 to the 9