meds Flashcards
antimuscarinics function
- for urinary incontinence
- decreases bladder contractions
- take 2 to 3 L of water
- causes constipation, dry mouth/eyes, dizziness, drowsiness
amoxicillin
- antimicrobial
- take w/ food
- will deactivate BC
ciprofloxacin
- antimicrobial
- dont take within 2hrs of antacids
- increases photosensitivity
- assess tendons
trimethoprim & sulfamethoxazole
- take with fluids
- avoid sun
- antimicrobial
phenazopyridine
- urinary analgesic
- treats symptoms only
- take w/ food
- will turn urine red or orange
antimuscarinics
oxybutynin
tolterodine
darifenacin
hyoscyamine
- antispasmodic
- treats symptoms only
- increases photosensitivity
prednisone
- reduces inflammatory response
- increases risk of infection
- must finish dose
- makes skin thin
spironolactone
- potassium sparing
- decreases Na, Mg, Ca
- avoid Na subs
nitrofurantoin
- antimicrobial
- make urine brown
- take w/ food
- can stain teeth
mineral oil
- lubricant
- dont take w/ meals
- works 6 to 8 hrs
- aspiration risk
loperamide
- anti diarrheal
- may cause drowsiness
bismuth subsalicylate (pepto bismol)
- anti diarrheal
- decreases GI secretions
- turns stool black
- dont give w other meds
docusate sodium
- fecal softener
- does not stimulate peristalsis, only hydrates stool
- used for pt who cannot strain or bear down
bisacodyl
- stimulant
- works 6 to 8 hrs
- avoid milk & antacids
- can cause electrolyte imbalances
polyethylene glycol (miraLAX)
- osmotic
- promotes secretion of h20 into colon
- dont use long term
- can be mixed w/ anything
- works 12 to 96 hrs
psyllium (metamucil)
- bulk forming
- causes stool to absorb h20
- only long term laxative
hydrochlorothiazide
decreases electrolytes, lowers BP, dont give w kidney damage
metaprolol
- vasodilation
- decreases HR
- dont give w/ COPD or asthma pt
- hold for HR <60, bp systole <100
verapamil & diltiazem (Ca channel blockers)
- low bp
- low HR
- dont give grapefruit juice
- monitor for edema
lisinopril (ace inhibitor)
- monitor K
- does not effect HR
- decreases BP
- angioedema
losartan (ARB)
- angioedema
- dizziness
- does not effect HR
albuterol (SABA)
short acting, rapid release for acute asthma
salmeterol (LABA)
long acting, long effects
antitussives
suppresses cough
expectorants
promotes cough
glucocorticoids
suppresses mucus
rinse mouth
ibuprofen
400-800 mg
GI bleed risk
acetaminophen
325-600 mg
hepatoxicity risk
naproxen
harder on stomach than ibuprofen
ketelorac
short term only
oxycodone
5 to 80 mg
morphine
slow onset, long duration
hydromorphone
10x more potent
