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NSG 102 > Medication Administration > Flashcards

Medication Administration Flashcards

1
Q

standing orders

A

hospital orders or specific HCP orders, may have an expiration date & time

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2
Q

PRN

A

only when pt needs it

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3
Q

one time order

A

specific time
ex. give antibiotic on call to OR

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4
Q

STAT

A

immediately & only once

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5
Q

NOW

A

quickly but not STAT

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6
Q

6 rights of medication

A
  1. the right med
  2. the right dose
  3. the right patient
  4. the right route
  5. the right time
  6. the right documentation
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7
Q

patient rights

A
  • right to refuse
  • right to be informed
  • right to have qualified nurses & physicians
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8
Q

medication reconcilliation

A

errors that occur when a patient is transferred to or from another facility

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9
Q

for buccal/sublingual meds - do not give with

A

liquid - until fully dissolved

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10
Q

when administering liquid medications, what should you always do?

A
  • shake before pouring
  • cover label to avoid destruction
  • pour at eye level
  • do not pour back into bottle
  • make sure it is clean before recapping
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11
Q

what position should your patient be in after administering meds through an artificial tube (NG, gastrostomy)

A

semi-fowlers or fowlers for at least 30 mins

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12
Q

what are metered dose inhalers for?

A

rapid absorption & relief for breathing difficulties

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13
Q

why would you use a spacer for a MDI?

A

so the patient has an easier time using it, also gets the medicine to the lungs better

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14
Q

if a patient is using multiple inhalers, what would you give first?

A

bronchodilator

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15
Q

what would you give last when a patient is on multiple inhalers?

A

corticosteroids

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16
Q

what instruction would you give to a patient on corticosteroids?

A

rinse out mouth after to prevent fungal infection

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17
Q

what are nebulizers?

A

liquid medicine placed in dispenser & inhaled through mask

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18
Q

how do you administer nasal drops?

A
  • wear gloves
  • tilt head back flat or supine
  • stay for 1 to 2 mins
  • not sterile, but maintain asepsis
  • clean tip after use
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19
Q

how do you administer nasal sprays?

A
  • pt sitting up or with head tilted
  • spray during inhalation
  • verify med admin based on drug
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20
Q

what are ear drops for?

A

treating ear infections & softens wax

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21
Q

how do you administer ear drops?

A
  • make sure it’s room temp
  • pt side lying, ear up, drops alongside the canal
  • gently massage the tragus to move med if needed
  • stay on side for 5 to 10 min
22
Q

what should you never do with transdermal meds? (patches, ointments)

A

place on abrasions unless ordered; not wear gloves

23
Q

what should you always do with transdermal meds?

A

rotate sites

24
Q

how do you administer eye drops?

A
  • wear gloves
  • tilt head back
  • wipe eyes for any secretions
  • apply drops to conjunctival sac
  • apply pressure to naso-lacrimal duct
25
Q

how do you apply eye ointments?

A
  • apply from inner canthus to outer
  • apply pressure to inner canthus for a minute
  • wipe any excess
  • do not touch tip of applicator to eye
  • if multiple: wait 5 mins inbetween
26
Q

what are suppositories for?

A

quick relief for fever or constipation

27
Q

how do you administer a suppository?

A
  • position pt on left side w/ upper leg flexed
  • wear gloves & unwrap suppository
  • add lubricant to rounded end
  • have pt take a deep breath & exhale first
  • insert into rectum 1 inch past anal sphincter
28
Q

three parts of a needle

A

hub, shaft, bevel

29
Q

intradermal injection site

A

forearm & scapula

30
Q

intradermal syringe size

A

1 mL

31
Q

intradermal needle size

A

25-27 inch, 1/8-5/8 inch

32
Q

what is the use for intradermal injections?

A

TB or allergy testing

33
Q

intradermal needle insertion angle

A

5-15 degrees

34
Q

subcutaneous injection sites

A

abdomen, lateral aspect of upper arms, thigh, upper gluteal area

35
Q

where on the abdomen do you perform an injection?

A

2 inches away from umbilicus, incisions, stoma, or wound

36
Q

where on the thigh do you perform an injection?

A

hand from groin & knee

37
Q

subcutaneous needle size

A

1-3 mL
25-27 gauge
1/8 - 5/8 inches

38
Q

subcutaneous needle insertion angle

A

90 (average size or obese)
45 (thin)

39
Q

intramuscular injection sites

A

ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis, & deltoid

40
Q

how do you administer an injection into the ventrogluteal muscle?

A
  • on side, knees bent
  • place non dominant palm on greater trochanter & index finger on anterior superior iliac spines
  • thumb toward groin, fingers toward head
  • spread middle fingers along iliac crest toward buttocks
  • center of triangle
41
Q

how do you administer an injection into the vastus lateralis muscle?

A
  • one hand above knee
  • one hand below greater trochanter
  • middle of 3rd muscle
42
Q

how do you administer injections into the deltoid muscle?

A
  • 3 fingers below acromian process
  • inject in center of triangle
  • 0.5 mL
43
Q

what is Z-track technique used for? what does it do?

A

injecting irritating substances; it decreases pain, irritation, or staining

44
Q

z-track method

A

pull skin & subQ tissue to the side; inject at a 90 degree angle; pull out, then release skin

45
Q

when should a deltoid injection not be done?

A

if the muscle is not well developed (injury risk)

46
Q

how long does it take for an oral medication to peak?

A

1-3 hours

47
Q

how do you administer vaginal suppositories?

A
  • perform peri care first
  • gloves
  • position in lithotomy position on pad for secretions
  • best to do at bedtime so it stays in place
  • do not use tampons
47
Q

what four things effect oral med administration?

A
  • amount of food
  • presence/absence of food
  • changes in intestines (disease/surgery)
  • decreased blood flow to stomach
47
Q

intramuscular needle insertion angle

A

90 degrees

47
Q

how long will it take for an iv route to peak?

A

10 minutes

48
Q

intramuscular needle size

A

22-25 gauge, 1-1.5 inches

49
Q

why are unbound meds bad?

A

medication will float into tissues. if they build up in the bloodstream, it can lead to toxicity

NSG 102 (11 decks)

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