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NSG 102 > GI/GU Meds > Flashcards

GI/GU Meds Flashcards

1
Q

before giving a laxative, you should…

A

make sure they have bowel sounds & its not an obstruction

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2
Q

how does psyllium work

A

bulk-forming
causes stool to absorb water, increasing the weight may stretch the colon and stimulate peristalsis

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3
Q

psyllium side effects

A

potential bloating and gas

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4
Q

psyllium should never be taken with…

A

food! take w water only

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5
Q

only non-habit forming laxative that can be used long term

A

psyllium

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6
Q

psyllium works after…

A

12-72 hours

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7
Q

how does polyethylene glycol work

A

osmotic - promotes secretion of water into the colon

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8
Q

what type of laxative should you try first - why?

A

polyethylene glycol - most gentle

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9
Q

polyethylene glycol works within..

A

12-96 hours

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10
Q

what can polyethylene glycol be mixed with?

A

anything liquid

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11
Q

polyethylene glycol side effects

A

cramping, diarrhea

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12
Q

how does bisacodyl work

A

stimulant
stimulates intestinal nerve endings and increases mucosal secretions - increases urge to go

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13
Q

bisacodyl works within…

A

6-8 hours

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14
Q

forms of bisacodyl

A

enteric coated tablets
suppositories

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15
Q

bisacodyl side effects

A

electrolyte imbalances - especially in elderly

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16
Q

what can bisacodyl be taken with?

A

not milk and antacids within 1 hour of administration :)

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17
Q

how does docusate sodium work

A

fecal softener
only hydrates the stool

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18
Q

docusate sodium indications

A

patients who shouldn’t bear down/strain - had an intestinal/abdominal surgery

19
Q

how does mineral oil work

A

lubricant
lubricates the intestinal mucosa

20
Q

mineral oil works within…

A

6-8 hours

21
Q

why isn’t mineral oil commonly used?

A

causes pneumonia if aspirated, tastes gross

22
Q

what can mineral oil be taken with?

A

take over an hour before or after eating - impairs the absorption

23
Q

what kind of med is loperamide?

A

anti-diarrheal

24
Q

what kind of med is bismuth subsalicylate

A

anti-diarrheal

25
Q

how does loperamide work?

A

inhibits peristalsis - affects GI wall muscles

26
Q

when should you NOT use loperamide?

A

cases of antibiotic related diarrhea

27
Q

loperamide side effects

A

drowsiness, possible respiratory depression

28
Q

how does bismuth subsalicylate work

A

decreases GI tract secretions

29
Q

what can bismuth subsalicylate be given with

A

not other medications - decreases their absorption, don’t give at the same time

30
Q

things to remember about bismuth subsalicylate

A

turns stool black
needs dosed every 6 hours

31
Q

with all antimicrobials, you should…

A

complete entire prescribed course, even if you feel better

32
Q

nitrofurantoin

A

stains urine rusty brown’ do not crush - stains teeth; take w food

33
Q

amoxicillin

A

take with food; notify MD of diarrhea; will deactivate birth control

34
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

don’t take within 2 hours of antacids; increased photosensitivity, assess tendons for swelling/rupture

35
Q

trimethoprim & sulfamethoxazole

A

assess for allergy; drink at least 3L/day to reduce risk of nephrotoxicity; increased photosensitivity

36
Q

how does phenazopyridine work

A

analgesic on the urinary tract - only helps w the burning

37
Q

phenazopyridine

A

take w food, turns urine red/orange

38
Q

how does hyoscyamine work

A

relaxes bladder muscles - treats spasms that cause frequency/urgency

39
Q

hyoscyamine

A

can be nephrotoxic; can cause blurred vision/eye problems, dizziness, tachycardia, increases eye photosensitivity

40
Q

what are the antimuscarinics?

A

oxybutynin, tolterodine, darifenacin

41
Q

how do antimuscarinics work?

A

for urinary incontinence - decreases contractions of the bladder

42
Q

antimuscarinics side effects

A

potential constipation, dry mouth/eyes, dizziness/drowsiness

43
Q

what should you take antimuscarinics with

A

2-3 L of water/day

NSG 102 (11 decks)

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