Infection

Question 1

what in our body is a first line of defense against infection?

Answer 1

normal flora, cilia, intact skin & mucous membranes, gastric acids, body secretions

Question 2

what symptoms happen in a vascular inflammatory response?

Answer 2

redness, heat, swelling, loss of function

Question 3

what symptoms happen in a cellular inflammatory response?

Answer 3

pus & drainage

Question 4

bacteria & viruses are both _________ & __________ categories of infection

Answer 4

localized & acute

Question 5

fungi & parasites are both __________ & __________ categories of infection

Answer 5

systemic & chronic

Question 6

when an infection is present, body temperature will…

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

will heart rate be high or low with infection?

Answer 7

high

Question 8

will blood pressure be low or high with infection?

Answer 8

high

Question 9

respirations will be _________ with infection

Answer 9

high

Question 10

what skin findings would you see in someone with an infection?

Answer 10

drainage, redness, tenderness, warmth, swollen lymph nodes

Question 11

normal WBC count

Answer 11

5,000 - 10,000

Question 12

normal lymphocyte range

Answer 12

20% - 40%

Question 13

normal cultures results

Answer 13

absence of pathogens

Question 14

what labs will be increased with infection?

Answer 14

WBC, neutrophils, leukocytes

Question 15

systemic signs of infection

Answer 15

fever, chill, fatigue, anorexia

Question 16

with sepsis, blood pressure will be _______

Answer 16

low

Question 17

who is most at risk for infection?

Answer 17

• cancer patients
• small children
• elderly

Question 18

what factors affect risk of infection?

Answer 18

• integrity of body defenses
• age
• immunity
• health status
• stress
• invasive devices (IVS, catheters)
• smoking
• unprotected sex

Question 19

how do we prevent infection?

Answer 19

• hand hygiene
• healthy food
• immunizations
• standard precautions
• antibiotics
• timely removal of devices

Question 20

what must you use for c.diff?

Answer 20

bleach

Question 21

what do you put on for contact precautions?

Answer 21

gown & gloves

Question 22

what do you put on for droplet precaution?

Answer 22

mask

Question 23

what do you need for airborne precautions?

Answer 23

Respiratory or N95
neg pressure room

Question 24

example of diseases w/ contact precaution

Answer 24

MDRO

Question 25

examples of diseases w/ droplet precaution

Answer 25

rubella, adenovirus, flu, covid

Question 26

examples of diseases w/ airborne precaution

Answer 26

TB, measles

Question 27

normal neutrophil count

Answer 27

60-70%

Question 28

neutropenic precautions

Answer 28

• no sick visitors
• avoid collections of water
• no fresh fruit and flowers
• must wear mask inside
• pt must wear mask outside room
• avoid crowds

Question 29

how do we prevent healthcare associated infections?

Answer 29

• not overusing/cleaning medical devices
• taking them out in a timely manner
• cleaning wounds properly
• avoid overuse of antibiotics