medicine - the beginnings of change 1450:1800 Flashcards
when was the renaissance in northern europe
1400 - 1600
when was the printing press invented
1451
what was the lifespan of vesalius
1514 - 1564
how many mistakes did vesalius identify in galen’s work
over 300
when was ‘on the fabric of the human body’ published
1543
what book did geminus write which was influenced by Vesalius’s own book
compendiosa
what was the lifespan of pare
1510-1590
what happened in 1537 to pare
French battle, Pare ran out of oil so he just used the cream that was recommended to use after the oil by Vigo (rose oil, egg white and turpentine)
state what books pare published/wrote and when
1545 – wrote a book about treating wounds in new and better ways
1561 – published ‘Anatomie Universelle’
1575 – published ‘Works on Surgery’
who was influenced by pare in england
william clowes
what happened in the 16th century regarding blood
Colombo said that blood moved along the veins and arteries. Fabricus proved that there were valves in veins. 1616 harvey read what they’d done and built upon it
what did harvey do [about galen]
first person to challenge galen’s understanding that blood was made in the liver and used as a fuel
what was the lifespan of harvey
1578-1657
what book did harvey publish and when
‘de motu cordis’ 1628
what did harvey make possible
blood transfusions - blood groups discovered in 1901
what did culpepper write and when
a book on herbal remedies for those at home. ‘complete herbal’ 1653
what did sydenham do
paved the way for future doctors to take a more scientific approach
when was the great plague
1665-1666
how many people did the great plague kill
100k, 1/4 london’s population
how many days did people have to quarantine for in the great plague
40 days
when was the great fire of london
1666
what did king henry vii do: why and when
1530s King Henry VII turned England from Catholic to Protestant and thus monasteries were dissolved and the wealth was given to start hospitals
state two hospitals which were built due to the monastries being dissolved
st bartholomew and st thomas
when was guys hospital built
1741
state 3 specialist hospitals which were built
1746 – London Lock Hospital for STDs
1747 – wards in Middlesex Hospital were designated specifically for pregnant women
1751 – St Luke’s hospital became the 2nd largest public hospital for the mentally
by 1800 how many patients per year were treated at hospitals in london
20k
what was the lifespan of hunter
1728-1793
what happened to hunter in 1776
appointed as a surgeon to king goerge ii which gave him credibility
what two books did hunter write: what were they about, when and the name
1760 – ‘Blood, Inflammation and gunshot wounds’ based on his experience and put rest the idea that gunshot wounds were poisoned – showed practical awareness
1786 – ‘On Veneral Disease’ was widely translated into several European languages and widely read
what happened in 1768 to hunter
admitted to company of surgeons
who trained under hunter
jenner
what did lady mary montagu do
1718 – inoculated her children
1721 – brought inoculation to England from Turkey
when was innoculation popular and what was an advantage to it
popular in 1740s - 1750s and profitable
what percentage of people did smallpox kill
30% of those who caught it
what was the lifespan of jenner
1749-1823
who is jenner known as
father of immunology
when did jenner publish his theory of vaccination
1798
what happened in 1790 to jenner
he noticed that milkmaids didn’t catch smallpox if they had cowpox
how much did parliament give jenner and when
£10,000 in 1802
what did WHO declare in 1980
smallpox eradicated after making the vaccine compulsory
