medicine - the beginnings of change 1450:1800

Question 1

when was the renaissance in northern europe

Answer 1

1400 - 1600

Question 2

when was the printing press invented

Answer 2

1451

Question 3

what was the lifespan of vesalius

Answer 3

1514 - 1564

Question 4

how many mistakes did vesalius identify in galen’s work

Answer 4

over 300

Question 5

when was ‘on the fabric of the human body’ published

Answer 5

1543

Question 6

what book did geminus write which was influenced by Vesalius’s own book

Answer 6

compendiosa

Question 7

what was the lifespan of pare

Answer 7

1510-1590

Question 8

what happened in 1537 to pare

Answer 8

French battle, Pare ran out of oil so he just used the cream that was recommended to use after the oil by Vigo (rose oil, egg white and turpentine)

Question 9

state what books pare published/wrote and when

Answer 9

1545 – wrote a book about treating wounds in new and better ways
1561 – published ‘Anatomie Universelle’
1575 – published ‘Works on Surgery’

Question 10

who was influenced by pare in england

Answer 10

william clowes

Question 11

what happened in the 16th century regarding blood

Answer 11

Colombo said that blood moved along the veins and arteries. Fabricus proved that there were valves in veins. 1616 harvey read what they’d done and built upon it

Question 12

what did harvey do [about galen]

Answer 12

first person to challenge galen’s understanding that blood was made in the liver and used as a fuel

Question 13

what was the lifespan of harvey

Answer 13

1578-1657

Question 14

what book did harvey publish and when

Answer 14

‘de motu cordis’ 1628

Question 15

what did harvey make possible

Answer 15

blood transfusions - blood groups discovered in 1901

Question 16

what did culpepper write and when

Answer 16

a book on herbal remedies for those at home. ‘complete herbal’ 1653

Question 17

what did sydenham do

Answer 17

paved the way for future doctors to take a more scientific approach

Question 18

when was the great plague

Answer 18

1665-1666

Question 19

how many people did the great plague kill

Answer 19

100k, 1/4 london’s population

Question 20

how many days did people have to quarantine for in the great plague

Answer 20

40 days

Question 21

when was the great fire of london

Answer 21

1666

Question 22

what did king henry vii do: why and when

Answer 22

1530s King Henry VII turned England from Catholic to Protestant and thus monasteries were dissolved and the wealth was given to start hospitals

Question 23

state two hospitals which were built due to the monastries being dissolved

Answer 23

st bartholomew and st thomas

Question 24

when was guys hospital built

Answer 24

1741

Question 25

state 3 specialist hospitals which were built

Answer 25

1746 – London Lock Hospital for STDs
1747 – wards in Middlesex Hospital were designated specifically for pregnant women
1751 – St Luke’s hospital became the 2nd largest public hospital for the mentally

Question 26

by 1800 how many patients per year were treated at hospitals in london

Answer 26

20k

Question 27

what was the lifespan of hunter

Answer 27

1728-1793

Question 28

what happened to hunter in 1776

Answer 28

appointed as a surgeon to king goerge ii which gave him credibility

Question 29

what two books did hunter write: what were they about, when and the name

Answer 29

1760 – ‘Blood, Inflammation and gunshot wounds’ based on his experience and put rest the idea that gunshot wounds were poisoned – showed practical awareness
1786 – ‘On Veneral Disease’ was widely translated into several European languages and widely read

Question 30

what happened in 1768 to hunter

Answer 30

admitted to company of surgeons

Question 31

who trained under hunter

Answer 31

jenner

Question 32

what did lady mary montagu do

Answer 32

1718 – inoculated her children
1721 – brought inoculation to England from Turkey

Question 33

when was innoculation popular and what was an advantage to it

Answer 33

popular in 1740s - 1750s and profitable

Question 34

what percentage of people did smallpox kill

Answer 34

30% of those who caught it

Question 35

what was the lifespan of jenner

Answer 35

1749-1823

Question 36

who is jenner known as

Answer 36

father of immunology

Question 37

when did jenner publish his theory of vaccination

Answer 37

1798

Question 38

what happened in 1790 to jenner

Answer 38

he noticed that milkmaids didn’t catch smallpox if they had cowpox

Question 39

how much did parliament give jenner and when

Answer 39

£10,000 in 1802

Question 40

what did WHO declare in 1980

Answer 40

smallpox eradicated after making the vaccine compulsory