medicine - modern medicine 1900: present day Flashcards
what did fleming discover and when
1928 - penicillin
who helped to develop fleming’s discovery and when
1939 - florey and chain
how much money did florey and chain receive from the government
£25
when did Florey meet with US government and convinced 4 drug companies to invest
1941
when did Britain and USA working closer together and 250k soldiers are being treated due to penicillin
1945
how many soldiers [britain and american] would have died without penicillin
15%
what did the discovery of penicillin lead to
antibiotics being developed for
skin infection [1953]
TB [1994]
chemotherapy [1956]
how many lives has penicillin saved since its discovery
200 million
what did dr shipman do, when and what impact did it have
2000s, murdered patients and stole their money - resulted in a decrease in public confidence in chemical medicine
what alternative medicine is now available on the NHS
acupuncture
how many people in britain have used it
1/5
how many people were killed due to wwi
over 10 million
when were xrays discovered
1895
what did gilles do and by 1921, how many people had he and his team treated
plastic surgery, 5k treated servicemen by 1921
what was the name of a hospital opened in 1917
queen’s hospital
what did hustin discover and when
1914 - how to stop blood clotting with air
how many people died in wwii
over 20 million
when did the British national blood transfusion service open
1938
what did hawken do
cut into beating hearts and removed bullets andbits of shrapnel - led to development of heart surgery after wwii
what did McIndoe do
use drugs e.g. penicillin to prevent infection when treating pilots with facial injuries
when was there enough penicillin being produced to treat all allied forces in europe
1944
when was laser first used in eye operation
1987
when was the boer war
1899 - 1902
what was discovered regarding the public health due to the boer war
46% of soldiers who volunteered weren’t fit to fight and 90% weren’t fit enough in big cities
what did booth’s report state and what its name/title
‘Life and Labour of People in London’ - 30% of Londoners didn’t have enough money to eat properly despite having full-time jobs
what did rowntree’s report state and what its name/title
‘A study of Town Life’ - 28% of the population didn’t have the minimum amount of money to live on at one time in their life
state and describe the different reforms brought in by the liberal party and when they were introduced
School Meals Act (1906) - Allowed local authorities to provide free school meals for poor children from taxes
1907 - Free medical treatments in schools and Special schools were set up to teach young women about the benefits of breastfeeding, hygiene and childcare
The Children and Young Person’s Act (1908) - Illegal to neglect children or sell them tobacco or alcohol. Youth courts and youth offender homes were set up to keep youth criminals away from older ones
Old Age Pensions (1908) - 5 shillings a week for poor people over age of 70.
National Insurance Act (1911) - Free medical treatment and sickness pay – helped the unemployed
NHS (July 1948) - Hospital care and nursing are free
whta was the infant mortality rate in 2015
4.2 per 1000
by 1914, how many school children were having a free school meal every day
158k
when did a huge slum clearance program begin
1930
when was the beveridge report
1942
how many copies of the beveridge report sold within the 1st month
100k
by 1948 how many council homes were being built every year
200k
how much did NHS cost
£12.9 billion
up until 1948, how many people had never seen a doctor
8 million
when was tobacco advertisting banned
2005
when were drivers banned from smoking in cars
2015
when was a sugar tax introduced
2016
originally, how many doctors were against the NHS
41k out of 45k
