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History-Medicine > Medicine In The Middle Ages > Flashcards

Medicine In The Middle Ages Flashcards

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0
Q

When did Muhammad die?

A

632 AD

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1
Q

When did the western Roman Empire collapse?

A

500 AD

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2
Q

Who led Islam after Muhammad died?

A

Caliphs

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3
Q

What are caliphs?

A

Eastern kings/sub kings

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4
Q

What did the caliphs rule in 1000 AD?

A

A huge empire from west to east

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5
Q

Who built Baghdad and Cairo?

A

Caliphs

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6
Q

What did caliphs build?

A

Mosques, schools, universities, cities, public baths, trade routes, hospitals

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7
Q

Did Islam allow dissection of human bodies?

A

NO

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8
Q

Where was the first paper factory and when?

A

Baghdad 794 AD

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9
Q

How did Islam preserve the knowledge of Hippocrates and Galen?

A

Translated their medical books

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10
Q

What Hippocratic idea did Arab doctors use?

A

Clinical observation

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11
Q

Who invented anaesthetics?

A

Arab doctors

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12
Q

What were the anaesthetics used by Arab doctors?

A

Sponges soaked in narcotics and placed on the face

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13
Q

What were Arab doctors views on surgery?

A

It was a last resort

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14
Q

How did the church affect medicine?

A 
Preserved and passed on knowledge
Set up universities and medical schools
Insisted spiritual things outranked physical things
Limited human dissection
Set up hospitals
Tried to stop ideas circulating
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15
Q

What was one of the first changes in middle age medicine?

A

Doctors began to get trained

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16
Q

Where and when was the first medical school set up?

A

900 AC in Salerno, Italy

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17
Q

What books did medical students work with in the early medical schools?

A

Galen’s and Hippocrates’

18
Q

Why were medical teachers in early medical schools not that useful?

A

They taught students to believe everything they read in books

19
Q

In the 1200’s, what law was passed that improved quality of doctors?

A

All doctors had to be approved at Salerno, in order to practise medicine

20
Q

Name a medical diagnosis idea which resulted from close observation

A

Urine colour was an aid to diagnosis

21
Q

What were the 2 groups of surgeons?

A

Licensed, well paid surgeons

Unqualified barber surgeons

22
Q

Was Galen allowed to be contradicted in the 14th C?

A

NO

23
Q

In the 1300’s, what were the most successful types of surgery?

A

Treating cataracts or henias

24
Q

How did surgeons become more skilled at treating broken bones?

A

They were taken to war to treat the injured

25
Q

What was the vade mecum?

A

A book containing tables of the planets, a urine chart and rules for bleeding patients

26
Q

Were trained doctors available for everyone in the Middle Ages?

A

No

27
Q

How did villagers treat minor ailments?

A

Local people learned healings and used magical or herbal cures

28
Q

What was cleanliness like in the Middle Ages?

A

It was a privilege of the rich

29
Q

How were towns run in the Middle Ages?

A

By a corporation of rich men from the town

30
Q

How did people in towns dispose of rubbish/sewage?

A

They put it on the street or in rivers

31
Q

Did any town corporations know about cleanliness?

A

Yes, a few passed laws to stop people dumping rubbish,but they were hard to inforce

32
Q

How did the clean corporations deal with the rubbish?

A

They cleared the streets and burnt the rubbish

33
Q

When did concern about public health first really kick in?

A

1348, after the plague epidemic

34
Q

What type of buildings had drainage and water systems?

A

Predominantly monasteries, sometimes hospitals

35
Q

When did the Black Death arrive in Europe?

A

1347-49

36
Q

How quickly could the Black Death kill someone?

A

Within a day?

37
Q

Who did people blame for the Black Death?

A

God, planets and the air

38
Q

What does renaissance mean?

A

Re birth

39
Q

What was the most important change in technology for knowledge?

A

When John Gutenberg introduced printing in 1454

40
Q

Who was Paracelsus?

A

A town physician and lecturer to university of Basel

41
Q

What did Paracelsus say about Galen?

A

That he’s a liar and a fake

42
Q

Who was Vesalius?

A

An anatomist

43
Q

How did Vesalius teach anatomy?

A

Doing his own dissections, then publishing drawings

History-Medicine (8 decks)

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