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midterm > Medication (FUBDA) > Flashcards

Medication (FUBDA) Flashcards

1
Q

Substance administered for diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of symptom or for prevention of disease

A

Medication

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2
Q

Same as medication but also refers to illicitly obtained substance

A

Drug

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3
Q

Written direction for preparation and administration of a drug

A

Prescription

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4
Q

Name used throughout the drug’s lifetime

A

Generic name

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5
Q

Given by drug manufacturer
Identifies it as property of that company

A

Trade (brand) name

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6
Q

Name by which drug is listed in official publications

A

Official name

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7
Q

Name by which a chemist knows it
Describes constituents of the drug precisely

A

Chemical name

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8
Q

Study of effect of drugs on living organisms

A

Pharmacology

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9
Q

Study of effect of drugs on living organisms

A

Pharmacology

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10
Q

Prepares, makes, and dispenses drugs as ordered

A

Pharmacy

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10
Q

Implemented by Food Drug Administration FDA: requires that labels be accurate and that all drugs be tested for harmful effects

A

Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938)

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11
Q

Person who prepares, makes, and dispenses drugs as ordered

A

Pharmacist

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12
Q

Clearly differentiate drugs that can be sold only with a prescription those that can be sold without a prescription and those that should not be refilled without a new prescription

A

Durkham-Humphrey Amendment (1952)

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13
Q

Requires proof of safety and efficacy of a drug for approval

A

Kefauver-Harris Ammendment (1962)

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14
Q

Categorizes controlled substance and limits how often a prescription can be filled: established government-funded programs to prevent and treat drug dependence

A

Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act(1970)
Controled Substance Act

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14
Q

Desired effect
Reason drug is prescribed

A

Therapeutic effect

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15
Q

Secondary effect
Unintended, usually predictable
May be harmless or harmful

A

Side effect

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16
Q

More severe side effect
May justify discontinuation of a drug

A

Adverse effect

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17
Q

Results from overdose, ingestion of external-use drug, or buildup of drug in blood

A

Drug toxicity

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18
Q

Unusually low physiological response
Requires increases in the dosage to maintain a given therapeutic effect

A

Drug tolerance

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18
Q

Immunologic reaction to drug
Mild to severe reactions
Anaphylactic reaction, anaphylaxis

A

Drug allergy

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19
Q

Drug tolerance
Increased effect resulting from rate of dosage being higher than rate of excretion

A

Cumulative effect

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20
Q

Drug tolerance
Unexpected; may be individual to client

A

Idiosyncratic effect

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20
Q

One or both drugs is increased.

A

Potentiating effect

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21
Q

One drug alters effect of other drug(s)

A

Drug interaction

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22
Q

Two of same types of drugs increase action of each other.

A

Additive

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23
Q

Two different drugs increase action of one or another.

A

Synergistic

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24
Q

Effect of one or both drugs is decreased.

A

Inhibiting effect

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25
Q

Disease unintentionally caused by medical or drug therapy

A

Iatrogenic disease

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26
Q

Time interval required for body’s elimination processes to reduce the concentration of the drug in the body by one-half

A

Half-life

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27
Q

Mechanism of drug action and relationships between drug concentration and the body’s responses

A

Pharmacodynamics

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28
Q

Drug’s target

A

Receptor

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29
Q

Same response as endogenous substance

A

Agonist

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30
Q

Study of absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion of drugs

A

Pharmacokinetics

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31
Q

Transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action

A

Distribution

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31
Q

Also called detoxification or metabolism
Process by which a drug is converted to a less active form

A

Biotransformation

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32
Q

Products of this process Biotransformation

A

Metabolites

33
Q

Process by which metabolites eliminated
Mostly through urine

A

Excretion

33
Q

Study of the effect of racial, ethnic responses to prescribed medication

A

Ethnopharmacology

34
Q

Not to be swallowed, but dissolved

A

Sublingual

35
Q

Cheek

A

Buccal

36
Q

the Rx symbik meaning

A

“take thou

37
Q

Metric system

A

Devised by the French
Logically organized into units of 10

38
Q

Apothecaries’ system

A

Older than metric system
Grain, minim basic units
Do not use; unfamiliar to many

39
Q

NPO “nothing by mouth” or Latin

A

“nil per os”

39
Q

May be used when more accurate systems not required

A

Household system

39
Q

NPO

A

“nothing by mouth”

40
Q

Syringes
Requires needle to be twisted onto it

A

Luer-Lok syringe

41
Q

Syringes
Has smooth graduated tip
Needles are slipped onto it

A

Non-Luer-Lok syringe

42
Q

Glass container designed to hold a single dose of a drug
Must be broken at constricted neck to access medication

A

Ampule

43
Q

Small glass bottle with sealed rubber cap

A

Vial

44
Q

intramuscular Injections

Preferred
No large nerves, vessels
Sealed off by bone

A

Ventrogluteal site

45
Q

Intramuscular Injections
Best for infants, young children

A

Vastus lateralis site

45
Q

Intramuscular Injections

Easily accessible to clients who administer their own injection
May cause discomfort for some people

A

Rectus femoris site

46
Q

Intramuscular Injections

Not preferred, should be avoided
Close to sciatic nerve and superior gluteal nerve
Complications have occurred.
Numbness
Pain
Paralysis

A

Dorsogluteal site

47
Q

Rectus femoris site

Close to radial nerve, artery
No more than 1 mL of solution can be administered
Hepatitis B vaccine

A

Deltoid site

48
Q

Also called Z-track
Less painful
Decreases leakage of irritant medication into subcutaneous tissue
Traps medication in muscle layer

A

Intramuscular Injection Technique

49
Q

Route appropriate for rapid effect (direct to bloodstream) or for medication that irritates tissue

A

Intravenous Medications

50
Q

Main danger is hypervolemia

A

Intravenous Medications

51
Q

Intermittent intravenous infusions

A

Tandem
Piggyback

52
Q

Percutaneous
Transdermal patch
Skin applications
Clean skin before applying
Wear gloves
Use surgical asepsis in presence of open wound

A

Topical Medications

53
Q

Liquid or ointment medication into eye
Irrigation
Instillation

A

Ophthalmic medications

54
Q

Administer medication to external auditory canal
Irrigation
Instillation

A

Otic medications

55
Q

Shrink swollen mucus membranes
Loosen secretions and facilitate drainage
Treat infections of nasal cavity and sinuses

A

Nasal medications

56
Q

Rectal medications
Inserting a rectal suppository
Assist client to left lateral or left ____ position

A

Sims

57
Q

o book containing a list of products used in medicine
o describes drug sources, properties, tests done,
storage methods, assay category, normal dosages.

A

U.S. Pharmacopeia

58
Q
  • severe allergic reaction usually occurs
    immediately after the administration of the
    drug
A

Anaphylactic reaction, anaphylaxis

59
Q

for low blood preassure

A

Norepinephrine bitartrate

60
Q

for high body temperature

A

aspirin

61
Q

for pain

A

morphine sulfate, aspirin

62
Q

for hyperthyroidism

A

thyroxine

63
Q

For diabetes melitus

A

insulin

64
Q

for leukemia

A

busufultan

65
Q

for return body to health

A

vitamins and minerals

66
Q

itching of skin with or without rash

A

pruritus

67
Q

edema due to increased permeability of the blood capillaries

A

angioedema

68
Q

excessive watery discharge from nose

A

rhinitis

69
Q

excessive tearing

A

lacrimal tearing

70
Q

stimulation of these centers in the brain

A

nausea vomitting

71
Q

shortness of breath in inhale exhale due to accumulated fluids and swelling of the respiratory tissues

A

wheezing and dyspnea

72
Q

irritation of the mucosa of the large intestine

A

diarrhea

73
Q

o inappropriate intake of a substance, either
continually or periodically
o By definition, drug use is abusive when society
considers it abusive.

A
  • Drug abuse
74
Q

a person’s reliance on or need to take a drug or
substance

A

Drug dependence

75
Q

o denotes a mild form of psychological dependence.
The individual develops the habit of taking the
substance and feels better after taking it.

A

Habitual

76
Q

DRUGS LIFE

A

o Initially: 100%
o After 8 hours: 50%
o After 16 hours: 25%
o After 24 hours: 12.5%
o After 32 hours: 6.25%

77
Q

the time after administration when the body initially
responds to the drug.

A
  • Onset of action
78
Q

o the highest plasma level achieved by a single dose
when the elimination rate of the drug equals the
absorption rate.

A
  • Peak plasma level
79
Q

a maintained concentration of a drug in the plasma
during a series of scheduled doses.

A

Plateau

80
Q

– Doses tailored to a client’s genetic
makeup.

A

Pharmacogenomics –

81
Q

o the study of the effect of racial and ethnic
differences/responses to prescribed medication

A

Ethnopharmacology

82
Q

o Branch of pharmacology that examines the role of
genetics in a drug response.

A

Pharmacogenetics

midterm (33 decks)

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