Epidemiology and Public Health Flashcards
study the factors that determine the
frequency, distribution, and determinants of diseases
in human populations.
Epidemiologists
is an infectious disease that can
be transmitted from one person to another.
communicable disease
is a communicable disease that is
easily transmitted from person to person
contagious disease
are diseases that humans acquire from
animal sources.
Zoonotic diseases
is the number of cases of a
disease existing in a given population during a
specific time period
Period prevalence
is one that occurs only occasionally
within the population of a particular geographic area
sporadic disease
is the number of cases of a disease
existing in a given population at a particular moment
in time
Point prevalence
is the ratio of the number of people who
died of a particular disease during a specified time
period per a specified population.
Mortality rate
is defined as a greater than usual
number of cases of a disease in a particular region,
usually within a short period of time
epidemic disease
A ____ is a disease that is occurring in epidemic
proportions in many countries simultaneously.
pandemic
is one that is always present within
the population of a particular geographic area
endemic disease
There are six components in the infectious disease process:
a pathogen
* a source of the pathogen (a reservoir)
* a portal of exit
* a mode of transmission
* a portal of entry
* a susceptible host
The sources of microbes that cause infectious diseases
are many and varied; they are known as
eservoirs of
infection or simply reservoirs.
When arthropods are involved in the transmission of
infectious diseases, they are referred to as
vectors.
nanimate objects capable of
transmitting pathogens
Fomites
