Medicamentos Quiz #3

Question 1

Anticoagulant

Answer 1

Heparin, Warfarin, Enoxaparin

Question 2

ENOXAPARIN

Answer 2

Lovenox

Question 3

Coumadin

Answer 3

WARFARIN

Question 4

HEPARIN

Answer 4

Hepalean

Question 5

Anticoagulant therapeutic effects

Answer 5

Prevention of thrombus formation

Question 6

Common anticoagulant side effects

Answer 6

BLEEDING, anemia, fever, nausea, pain at IV. Others rashes, alopecia, & Hepatitis (H); cramps, dermal necrosis (W); Dizziness, headache, ecchymosis, constipation, edema (E)

Question 7

Anticoagulants’ contraindications

Answer 7

s/s of bleeding & hemorrhage, hypersensitivity s/s, NSAIDs, alcohol; others severe thrombocytopenia, open wounds esp.Heparin

Question 8

What are some symptoms of bleeding and hemorrhage?

Answer 8

Nosebleed, bleeding gums, bruising, Black/tarry/Guaiac-positive stools/nasogastric aspirate, hematuria, fall in BP and hematocrit (hct), excessive menstrual flow.

Question 9

What are some symptoms of bleeding and hemorrhage?

Answer 9

Nosebleed, bleeding gums, bruising, Black/tarry/Guaiac-positive stools/nasogastric aspirate, hematuria, fall in BP and hematocrit (hct), excessive menstrual flow.

Question 10

Protamine sulfate

Answer 10

Antidote for heparin and enoxaparin

Question 11

What is the antidote for warfarin?

Answer 11

Vitamin K (phytonadione, aquaMePHYTON)

Question 12

What labs should you be concerned with anticoagulants?

Answer 12

Liver function (AST/ALT), Hct, blood in stools, platelets (plt), INR, CBC,Thrombocytopenia (<100000/mm3)

Question 13

What are some patient care suggestions for patients using anticoagulants?

Answer 13

Avoid IM injections, floss and surgery; use soft-toothbrush & electric razor; report s/s of bleeding/hemorrhage/hypersensitivity including changes in color, pain and temperature in any part of the body.

Question 14

Bronchodilators

Answer 14

Tiotropium (Spiriva) and Albuterol (Accuneb)

Question 15

Anti-asthmatic anti-inflammatory (steroidal)

Answer 15

Fluticasone (Flovent Diskus)

Question 16

Why would you use a bronchodilator for?

Answer 16

To reduce airway obstruction caused by bronchospasm and COPD

Question 17

What do you need a Flovent Diskus?

Answer 17

To decrease the frequency and severity of asthma?

Question 18

What are some side effects of bronchodilators and anti-asthmatics?

Answer 18

Paradoxical bronchospasm (wheezing), dry mouth, restlessness. Others nervousness, tremor, arrhythmias, hyperactivity, chest pain, palpitations (albuterol) agitation, headaches, and hypersensitivity reactions, cough, diarrhea (Fluticasone)

Question 19

What are some serious side effects of bronchodilators and anti-asthmatics?

Answer 19

Angiodema, paradoxical wheezing, and anaphylaxis

Question 20

What are some contraindications of bronchodilators and anti-asthmatics?

Answer 20

Bronchodilators-Angiodema and paradoxical bronchospasms (wheezing)
Anti-Asthmatics- Anaphylaxis (laryngeal edema, urticarial, bronchospasm,) and Churg-Strauss syndrome

Question 21

What are some symptoms of angiodema?

Answer 21

Swelling of the lips/tongue or throat, itching, rash

Question 22

What are some recommendations to patients using bronchodilators?

Answer 22

Avoid smoking, rinse moth frequently, avoid spraying medication in the eye, report s/s of hypersensitivity, angiodema, and wheezing,

Question 23

What are some recommendations for patients using Tiotropium ?

Answer 23

Capsules are for inhalation and must not be swallowed. Caution to avoid spraying medication in the eye because it may cause blurred vision.. Report signs of glaucoma e.g. eye pain or discomfort, blurred vision, visual halos or colored images in association with red eyes from conjunctival congestion and corneal edema.

Question 24

What are some Laboratory concerns fro bronchodilators and anti-asthmatics?

Answer 24

Albuterol-Potassium for hypokalemia

Fluticasone- Adrenal function

Question 25

What are some antihypertensives?

Answer 25

Verapimil, Metropolol, Captopril

Question 26

Antianginal

Answer 26

Verapimil, Metropolol

Question 27

What would you use an antihypertensive?

Answer 27

Management of hypertension, HF angina pectoris (except captopril)

Question 28

Antiarrhythmic

Answer 28

Verapimil- used for decreased ventricular rates in atrial fibrillation

Question 29

Metropolol

Answer 29

lopresor (Beta blocker)

Question 30

Captopril

Answer 30

Capoten (ACE inhibitor)

Question 31

Verapimil

Answer 31

Calan (Calcium channel blocker)

Question 32

What are some side effects of hypertensives?

Answer 32

Orthostatic hypotension, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, headache, anxiety, cough, rash

Question 33

What are some serious side effects of captopril?

Answer 33

Agranulocytosis, angiodema

Question 34

What are some serous side effects of Verapimil?

Answer 34

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Arrhythmias, and HF

Question 35

What are some contraindications for hypertensive?

Answer 35

Low BP (prolonged hypotension), Bradycardia (<1000/mm3 and s/s angiodema (facial swelling, dyspnea)
Verapimil ( grape juice and s/s of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome accompanied with fever, malaise, oral lesions, conjunctivitis, fatigue, blisters, muscle/joint aches.

Question 36

What are some laboratory values for hypertensives?

Answer 36

Electrolytes esp. K+, Ca2+ renal/hepatic functions e.g. BUN, creatinine, protein. CBCdiff (Captopril Glucose levels for hypo/hyperglycemia (Metropolol)

Question 37

What are some recommendations for antihypertensives?

Answer 37

Avoid driving, move slowly, correct BP/pulse taken technique, follow additional HTN therapies i.e. sodium restriction, weight loss, stress reduction, regular exercise, moderation of alcohol consumption, and smoking cessation.
Report HFs/s….