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Medical terminology > Medical terms unit 6 > Flashcards

Medical terms unit 6 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

antibiotics

A

medications that inhibit growth or kill pathogenic bacterial microorganisms

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2
Q

antibody

A

disease-fighting protein created by the immune system

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3
Q

antifungal

A

agent that destroys or inhibits growth of fungi

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4
Q

antigen

A

any substance recognized by the immune system as foreign

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5
Q

carcinoma

A

malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue

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6
Q

carcinoma in situ

A

malignant tumor that has not disturbed or invaded surrounding tissues

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7
Q

immunodeficiency disorder

A

immune response is compromised

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8
Q

immunoglobulins

A

antibodies produces by plasma cells

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9
Q

immunotherapy

A

treatment that involves stimulating or repressing the immune response

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10
Q

lymphocytes

A

leukocytes that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells

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11
Q

lymphoscintigraphy

A

diagnostic test to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels

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12
Q

lymphedema

A

swelling of the tissues due to abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid

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13
Q

lymphadenitis

A

inflammation of the lymph nodes

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14
Q

lymphangioma

A

a benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels

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15
Q

antineoplastic

A

medication that blocks the development, growth or proliferation of malignant cells

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16
Q

lymphoma

A

malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues

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17
Q

myoma

A

benign tumor made up of muscle tissue

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18
Q

oncologist

A

physician specializing in the diagnosis & treatment of malignant disorders

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19
Q

macrophage

A

large leukocyte that kills invading cells

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20
Q

neoplasm

A

mass produced by rapid, abnormal growth of body tissue

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21
Q

sarcoma

A

malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues

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22
Q

myosarcoma

A

malignant muscle tumor

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23
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlarged spleen

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24
Q

hemolytic

A

destruction of worn out erythrocytes and release of the hemoglobin for reuse

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25
Q

toxoplasmosis

A

transmission of a parasite through animal feces

26
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

advanced and fatal stage of HIV infection

27
Q

allergen

A

a substance that produces an allergic reaction

28
Q

anaphylaxis

A

severe response to an allergen, can be life threatening

29
Q

antigen-antibody reaction

A

binding antigens to antibodies

30
Q

autoimmune disorder

A

condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues

31
Q

bacilli

A

rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria

32
Q

bacteria

A

one-celled microscopic organisms

33
Q

candidiasis

A

yeast infections that occur on skin or mucous membranes

34
Q

complement system

A

group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood and combine with antibodies to assist in warding off pathogenic bacteria and foreign cells

35
Q

cytokines

A

a group of proteins released primarily by T cells

36
Q

cytomegalovirus

A

common virus that produces few symptoms in healthy humans

37
Q

cytotoxic drug

A

medication that kills or damages cells

38
Q

ductal carcinoma in situ

A

breast cancer that has not yet broken through the wall of a milk duct

39
Q

herpes zoster

A

acute viral infection causing painful skin eruptions along the path of an inflamed nerve

40
Q

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

cancer in the lymphatic system characterized by large cancerous cells

41
Q

human immunodeficiency virus

A

bloodborne infection that damages or kills T cells

42
Q

immunosuppressant

A

substance that prevents or reduces the body’s normal immune response

43
Q

infectious mononucleosis

A

contagious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

44
Q

infiltrating ductal carcinoma

A

breast cancer that has broken through the milk duct wall and invaded fatty breast tissue

45
Q

interferons

A

proteins produced by cells as a defense response to viruses

46
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

any disease process affecting lymph nodes

47
Q

malaria

A

a mosquito-borne disease caused by a plasmodium parasite

48
Q

mammography

A

radiographic examination of breasts to detect tumors or precancerous cells

49
Q

metastasis

A

new cancer site resulting from spreading process

50
Q

metastasize

A

process of cancer spreading from a primary location to a secondary site

51
Q

non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

cancer originating in lymphocytes

52
Q

opportunistic infection

A

infection that occurs in a debilitated host

53
Q

osteosarcoma

A

malignant tumor of hard-tissue most often found in long bones

54
Q

parasite

A

plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that host organism

55
Q

rabies

A

acute viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite/saliva of infected animal

56
Q

rickettsia

A

small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, mites

57
Q

rubella

A

viral infection w/low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, rash

58
Q

spirochetes

A

long, slender spiral-shaped bacteria w/flexible walls

59
Q

staphylococci

A

species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes

60
Q

systemic reaction

A

inflammation from toxins, allergens, or infections spreads to other bodily organs

61
Q

teletherapy

A

radiation treatment administered at a distance from the body

62
Q

varicella

A

highly contagious condition caused by herpes virus (chickenpox)

Medical terminology (16 decks)

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