Medical terms unit 5 Flashcards
angioplasty
technique to mechanically widen a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel
aorta
largest blood vessel in the body
temporal arteritis
a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, and jaw pain
atherectomy
surgical removal of plaque buildup from interior of artery
artherosclerosis
hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by buildup of cholesterol plaque on interior arterial walls
bradycardia
abnormally slow resting heart rate
cardiac catheterization
diagnostic procedure in which a small tube is inserted into a vein/artery and guided into the heart
cardiomyopathy
all diseases of the heart muscle
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
blood dyscrasia
pathological condition of the cellular elements of the blood
anemia
lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood
septicemia
severe infections caused by bacteria in the blood
erythrocytes
mature red blood cells produced by bone marrow
hemoglobin
oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes
hemolytic anemia
inadequate number of circulating red blood cells by the spleen
hemostasis
stop or control bleeding
leukemia
type of cancer with progressive increase in number of abnormal leukocytes in blood-forming tissue, organs, and circulating blood
leukocytes
blood cells in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances
leukopenia
decrease in the number of disease-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
tachycardia
abnormally rapid resting heart rate
thrombocytopenia
abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood
thrombosis
abnormal condition in which blood clots block veins/arteries
thrombus
blood clot attached to anterior arterial wall
ventricular fibrillation
rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles
ACE inhibitor
medication to prevent hypertension by blocking enzymes that cause blood vessels to contract
aneurysm
localized weak spot or balloon-like rupture in arterial wall
angina
severe episodes of chest pain from inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
anticoagulant
slows and prevents blood clots
aplastic anemia
failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow causing absence of all formed blood elements
automated external defibrillator
device for non-professional emergency use to deliver electrical shock to restore heart rhythm
beta blocker
medications that reduce the workload of the heart by slowing the heart beat
cardiac arrest
heart abruptly stops beating or develops arrhythmis that prevents effective pumping of blood
carotid endarterectomy
surgical removal of the lining of a clogged carotid artery
cholesterol
fatty substance that travels through the blood and aids the production of cell membranes, some hormones, and vitamin D
chronic venous insufficiency
venous wall and/or valves in the leg veins are not allowing blood flow back to the heart
coronary thrombosis
damage to the heart muscle caused by a blood clot blocking coronary artery
defibrillation
use of electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm
diuretic
medication to decrease excess sodium and water in the blood by stimulating kidneys to secrete urine
electrocardiogram
a record of electrical activity of the myocardium
embolism
sudden blockage of a blood vessel by a foreign object
embolus
foreign object such as blood clot, air or gas, tissue, or tumor circulating in the blood
ischemic heart disease
group of cardiac disabilities resulting from insufficient supply of oxygented blood to the heart
megoblastic anemia
anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal
myelodysplastic syndrome
groups of bone marrow disorders
myocardial infarction
occlusion/blockage of one or more coronary arteries from plaque buildup (heart attack)
orthostatic hypotension
a form of low blood pressure that occurs when standing up from sitting or lying down
pericardium
double-walled membranus sac that encloses the heart
pernicious anemia
insufficient B12 necessary for red blood cell formation
raynaud’s disease
peripheral arterial occlusive disease with attacks triggered by cold or stress
sickle cell anemia
abnormal hemoglobin resulting in misshaped red blood cells
thalium stress test
procedure to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries during exercise
thrombolytic
medication used to dissolve or break up blood clots
thrombotic occlusion
blocked artery caused by blood clot
transfusion reaction
complication of a blood tranfusion resulting in an immune response
valvulitis
inflammation of a heart valve
varicose veins
abnormally swollen veins usually superficial leg veins
ventricular tachycardia
very rapid heartbeat beginning in the ventricles
