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Medical terminology > Medical terms unit 5 > Flashcards

Medical terms unit 5 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

angioplasty

A

technique to mechanically widen a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel

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2
Q

aorta

A

largest blood vessel in the body

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3
Q

temporal arteritis

A

a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, and jaw pain

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4
Q

atherectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque buildup from interior of artery

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5
Q

artherosclerosis

A

hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by buildup of cholesterol plaque on interior arterial walls

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6
Q

bradycardia

A

abnormally slow resting heart rate

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7
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

diagnostic procedure in which a small tube is inserted into a vein/artery and guided into the heart

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8
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

all diseases of the heart muscle

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9
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

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10
Q

blood dyscrasia

A

pathological condition of the cellular elements of the blood

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11
Q

anemia

A

lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood

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12
Q

septicemia

A

severe infections caused by bacteria in the blood

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13
Q

erythrocytes

A

mature red blood cells produced by bone marrow

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14
Q

hemoglobin

A

oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes

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15
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

inadequate number of circulating red blood cells by the spleen

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16
Q

hemostasis

A

stop or control bleeding

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17
Q

leukemia

A

type of cancer with progressive increase in number of abnormal leukocytes in blood-forming tissue, organs, and circulating blood

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18
Q

leukocytes

A

blood cells in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances

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19
Q

leukopenia

A

decrease in the number of disease-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood

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20
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

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21
Q

tachycardia

A

abnormally rapid resting heart rate

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22
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood

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23
Q

thrombosis

A

abnormal condition in which blood clots block veins/arteries

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24
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot attached to anterior arterial wall

25
Q

ventricular fibrillation

A

rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles

26
Q

ACE inhibitor

A

medication to prevent hypertension by blocking enzymes that cause blood vessels to contract

27
Q

aneurysm

A

localized weak spot or balloon-like rupture in arterial wall

28
Q

angina

A

severe episodes of chest pain from inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

29
Q

anticoagulant

A

slows and prevents blood clots

30
Q

aplastic anemia

A

failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow causing absence of all formed blood elements

31
Q

automated external defibrillator

A

device for non-professional emergency use to deliver electrical shock to restore heart rhythm

32
Q

beta blocker

A

medications that reduce the workload of the heart by slowing the heart beat

33
Q

cardiac arrest

A

heart abruptly stops beating or develops arrhythmis that prevents effective pumping of blood

34
Q

carotid endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of the lining of a clogged carotid artery

35
Q

cholesterol

A

fatty substance that travels through the blood and aids the production of cell membranes, some hormones, and vitamin D

36
Q

chronic venous insufficiency

A

venous wall and/or valves in the leg veins are not allowing blood flow back to the heart

37
Q

coronary thrombosis

A

damage to the heart muscle caused by a blood clot blocking coronary artery

38
Q

defibrillation

A

use of electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm

39
Q

diuretic

A

medication to decrease excess sodium and water in the blood by stimulating kidneys to secrete urine

40
Q

electrocardiogram

A

a record of electrical activity of the myocardium

41
Q

embolism

A

sudden blockage of a blood vessel by a foreign object

42
Q

embolus

A

foreign object such as blood clot, air or gas, tissue, or tumor circulating in the blood

43
Q

ischemic heart disease

A

group of cardiac disabilities resulting from insufficient supply of oxygented blood to the heart

44
Q

megoblastic anemia

A

anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal

45
Q

myelodysplastic syndrome

A

groups of bone marrow disorders

46
Q

myocardial infarction

A

occlusion/blockage of one or more coronary arteries from plaque buildup (heart attack)

47
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

a form of low blood pressure that occurs when standing up from sitting or lying down

48
Q

pericardium

A

double-walled membranus sac that encloses the heart

49
Q

pernicious anemia

A

insufficient B12 necessary for red blood cell formation

50
Q

raynaud’s disease

A

peripheral arterial occlusive disease with attacks triggered by cold or stress

51
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

abnormal hemoglobin resulting in misshaped red blood cells

52
Q

thalium stress test

A

procedure to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries during exercise

53
Q

thrombolytic

A

medication used to dissolve or break up blood clots

54
Q

thrombotic occlusion

A

blocked artery caused by blood clot

55
Q

transfusion reaction

A

complication of a blood tranfusion resulting in an immune response

56
Q

valvulitis

A

inflammation of a heart valve

57
Q

varicose veins

A

abnormally swollen veins usually superficial leg veins

58
Q

ventricular tachycardia

A

very rapid heartbeat beginning in the ventricles

Medical terminology (16 decks)

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