Medical Emergency 2 Flashcards
What are anticoagulants? Give two examples
Anticoagulants are drugs that slow down your bodies process of making blood clots
- Heparin
- Warfain
What are anti-platelets?
Anti- platelets are drugs that prevent blood cells (platelets) from clumping together to form a clot.
- Aspirin
What are Fibrinolytic’s
Fibrinolytics are drugs that break up and dissolve blood clots
- tenecteplase
Define Anaemia
Anaemia is a condition in which there is a deficiency of heathy erythrocytes (red blood cell), which leads to decrease in oxygen carrying capability’s ( red blood cells carry oxygen to body tissues)
3 Causes of anaemia
- Blood loss
- Impaired/ defective/ decreased erythrocyte (red blood cells) production
- renal disease (kidney make EPO)
What are the 3 classifications of Anaemia (size of RBC s)
- microcytic (low MCV)
- macrocytic (high MCV)
- normocytic (normal MCV)
What does MCV stand for in relation to RBC
MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME - The value that measures the average size and volume of a RBC
Define sepsis
a Life threatening systemic infection causing dysfunction of organs due to a dysregulated host response
Signs and symptoms of sepsis
Temp outside 36-38
HR>90
BP < 90
RR >20
No urine passing in one day
What are 6 Causes of sepsis
Infections
Bacterial
Fungal
Wounds
Urinary
Lungs
6 key components of the immune system
White blood cells
Complement system
Lymphatic system
Spleen
Thymus
Bone marrow
What are 2 types of phagocytes
(Immune system)
1-Phagocyte Cells
Most Abundant and self-destruct after engulfing a pathogen.
They then turn into pus.
2- Macrocytes
Large
Some free patrolling tissues
Some fixed attached to fibers on organs
Destroy bacteria over and over
What is v/q ratio
The measurement of balance between air reaching the
What is heart rate?
The number of beats per minute
What is Stroke volume?
Volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle during each contraction
