Medical emergencies in medical imaging

Question 1

Shock

Answer 1

Failure of circulation in which blood pressure is inadequate to support oxygen perfusion of vital tissues.

Question 2

Early signs of shock

Answer 2

• Restlessness
• confusion
• Anxiety

Question 3

Late signs of shock

Answer 3

• Increased pulse rate
• Pallor
• Weakness
• A change in thinking ability
• Drop in blood pressure

Question 4

Types of shock

Answer 4

• Hypovolemic
• Neurogenic
• Cardiogenic
• Septic
• Anaphylactic
• Psychological

Question 5

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 5

Occurs when there is significance loss of blood leading to insufficient blood volume in the body.

Question 6

Causes of hypovolemic shock

Answer 6

1. Severe bleeding
2. Dehydration
3. Burns

Question 7

Symptoms of hypovolemic shock

Answer 7

• Rapid heartbeat
• Quick, shallow breathing
• Weakness or fatigue
• Confusion or dizziness
• Low blood pressure
• Cool, clammy skin
• Little or no urine output

Question 8

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 8

Condition where the heart suddenly can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs

Question 9

Causes of cardiogenic shock

Answer 9

1. Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle.
2. Endocarditis: Infection of the heart valves.
3. Pulmonary embolism: A blockage in the pulmonary artery.
4. Arrhythmias: Irregular heartbeats.
5. Drug overdose or poisoning

Question 10

Symptoms of cardiogenic shock

Answer 10

• Rapid breathing
• Severe shortness of breath
• Sudden, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia)
• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Weak pulse
• Sweating
• Pale skin
• Cold hands or feet
• Confusion or loss of consciousness

Question 11

Neurogenic shock

Answer 11

is a serious condition that occurs when there is a sudden loss of sympathetic nervous system signals to the smooth muscle in blood vessel walls.

Question 11

Causes of neurogenic shock

Answer 11

1. Spinal cord injury: Particularly injuries to the cervical or upper thoracic spine.
2. Traumatic brain injury: Severe head trauma can disrupt autonomic pathways.
3. Spinal anesthesia: Can sometimes lead to neurogenic shock.

Question 12

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 12

It is a form of anaphylaxis, where the immune system overreacts to an allergen, releasing chemicals that cause the body to go into shock.

Question 13

causes of anaphylactic shock

Answer 13

1. Certain foods
2. Medications
3. Insect stings
4. Latex

Question 14

Symptoms of anaphylactic shock

Answer 14

1. Difficulty breathing
2. Low blood pressure
3. Rapid or weak pulse.
4. Skin reactions
5. Swelling
6. Confusion or loss of consciousness

Question 15

septic shock

Answer 15

occurs as a result of sepsis, which is the body’s extreme response to an infection. It leads to dangerously low blood pressure and organ failure

Question 16

Causes of septic shock

Answer 16

Bacterial infections: The most common cause.
Viral infections.
Fungal infections.

Question 17

symptoms of septic shock

Answer 17

• Very low blood pressure.
• Rapid heart rate.
• Confusion or disorientation.
• Shortness of breath.
• Cool, pale extremities.
• Decreased urine output.
• Skin rash