Medical

Question 1

When dealing with a suspected opioid overdose what are two conditions that must be met to give naloxone?

Answer 1

Patient must be equal to or greater than 24 hrs old and demonstrating signs and symptoms of an opioid exposure, altered level of consciousness , respiratory depression, less than 10 breaths per minute or apnea

Question 2

List the procedures when dealing with an opioid overdose

8

Answer 2

• Ensure scene safety, remove patient if necessary
• Ensure airway patency attempt to maintain adequate respiration rate and volume
• Provide oxygen and ventilation by BVM as necessary
• Confirm indications and contradictions are met
• Prepare to administer internasal spray completely to one nare
• Reassess patient
• Repeat the administration in five minutes (if 2nd spray is available) in the other nare if there is no improvement in the patient’s signs or symptoms
• provide report including times of medication administration to EMS.

Question 3

Severe allergic reaction
A patient is experiencing a severe allergic reaction as a result of an exposure to a known allergen. What conditions must be in place for you to administer EpiPen?

Answer 3

– Patient has been prescribed EpiPen and is in capable of using it
– demonstrates signs and symptoms of severe allergic reaction such as shortness of breath, respiratory wheeze, swelling of face or tongue or hypotension

Question 4

Severe allergic reaction contradictions

What contradiction could you be presented with?

Answer 4

• Patient has already received two or more doses of Epinephrine within the past 30 minutes
  – EMS have assumed patient care
  – patient is not experiencing severe allergic reaction, such as only presenting hives

Question 5

What procedure would you follow to administer EpiPen?

Answer 5

• Ensure scene safety (remove exposure to allergen)
  – ensure airway patency and adequate respiration volume and rate
• Provide O2 by BVM as required
  – confirm severe signs and symptoms and patient’s prescription
  – prepared to administer auto injector into patients thigh
  – reassess the patient
  – repeat administration (if second EpiPen is available) in five minutes if there is no improvement in the patient sign or symptoms
  – provide a report for patient care on arrival of EMS including times medication was administered.

Question 6

What is the proper dosing when using an EpiPen?

Answer 6

30 kg or greater - adult auto injector .3mg

15-30 kg - pediatric auto injector .15mg

Question 7

The professional responder may presumed death and not initiate resuscitation when one or more of the gross signs of obvious death are present. List the signs

Answer 7

– Decapitation
– transection
– visible decomposition
– putrefacation
– Grossly charred body
- Open head or torso wound with gross outpouring of cranial or visceral contents
- Gross rigour mortis with a pulseless apneic warm patient

Question 8

Name four routes of entry for a patient that has been poisoned

Answer 8

– Inhalation
– injection
– ingestion
– absorption

Question 9

Performing CPR what are the compression rates for single rescuer, multirescuer for each age group?  Include depth of compressions. 
8yrs and above (adult)
1-<8 yrs (child)
>30-<1 yr (infant)
<30 days of age (neonate)


Answer 9

Adult- 30:2 (s+m) 100-120/minute 5-6 cm’s
Child- 30:2(s) 15:2(m) 100-120/minute 5cm’s
Infant- 30:2(s) 15:2(m) 100-120/minute 4cm’s
Neonate 3:1(s) 3:1(m) 120/minute approximately 1/3 chest depth.

Question 10

When dealing with a poisoning obtaining a good history is vital what questions should you be asking?

Answer 10

– What poison/substance was taken
– when was poison/substance taken
– how much was taken
– What else was taken with the substance/poison
What route was the poison/substance taken
– why did the poisoning happen
– vomited since poisoning occurred

Question 11

Name four routes of entry for a patient that has been poisoned

Answer 11

– Inhalation
– injection
– ingestion
– absorption

Question 12

Spinal motion restriction should be considered when?

Answer 12

– Any trauma complaints of neck or back pain
– sports injuries
– diving incidence
– explosions other types of forceful acceleration deceleration injuries
– vehicle injuries
– electrocution including lightning injuries
– Falls
– penetrating trauma to head neck or torso

Question 13

When attending a medical call and you are presented with a DNR form. What steps should be taken?

Answer 13

• validate form
• ensure properly filled out
• date signed must be same or precede date of request
• must be original

Question 14

DNR form serial number is located where?

Answer 14

• top right corner of form

Should be recorded in officers notes.

Question 15

Rapid trauma extrication

Indications

Answer 15

• environmental situation that place the patient’s life in imminent danger
• primary survey finding that place patient’s life in imminent danger
• no breathing with inability to ventilate in position found
  – no pulse with inability to provide chest compressions in position found
  – serious gross bleed with inability to control in position found

Question 16

Rapid trauma extrication

Contradictions

Answer 16

• responder safety at risk

Question 17

Rapid trauma extrication

Procedure

Answer 17

• maintain patient’s head and neck in neutral alignment to protect C-spine
  – remove the patient to a safe place and reassess beginning with primary survey
• if available cervical collar and backboard may be applied to the patient