med terms exam 5 - greek Flashcards
a-, an-
not, without
not, without
a-, an-
ana-, an-
up, back, again
anabolic
up, back, again
ana-, an-
anabolic
cata, cat-
down, against, according to
catalyst
down, against, according to
cata-, cat-
di, dia-
through, across, between
through, across, between
di, dia-
en-, el-, em-
in, into, inward
enema
enema
injection of fluid
en = in, into, inward
endo-, ento-
within, inner
within, inner
endo, ento-
ep, epi-
upon, on, to, in addition to
epilepsy, epidural
upon, on, to, in addition to
ep, epi-
hyp, hypo-
below, deficient, less than
below, deficient, less than
hyp-, hypo-
met-, meta-
after, change, transfer
metastasis
metamorphosis
after, change, transfer
met-, meta-
par-, para-
beside, resembling, disordered
parasitic
beside, resembling, disordered
par-, para-
syn, sy, sym-, sys-
with, together
symbiosis, systolic
with, together
sys, syn, sym, sy-
alg-
pain
pain
alg-
analgesic
myalgia
myalgia
muscle soreness, aches and pain
blast-
embryonic cell
embryonic cell
blast
cephal-,
head
head
cephal-
encephal-
brain
brain
encephal-
chrom, chromat-
color
color
chrom-, chromat-
derm, dermat-
skin
skin
derm-, dermat-
erg-
work
synergy
ergonomic
work
erg-
synergy
ergonomic
gastr-, gaster-
stomach
stomach
gastr-, gaster-
gno-
to know
diagnosis, prognosis
to know
gno-
diagnosis
prognosis
hap, hapt-
to grasp, to fasten
to grasp, to fasten
hap-, hapt-
synapse
hydr-
water, fluid
water, fluid
hydr-
ly, lys-
to loosen, dissolve
to loosen, dissolve
ly-, lys-
paralysis
paralysis
disordered loosening/dissolving
nephr-
kidney
kidney
nephr-
od-
way, road
way, road
od-
cathode
path-
disease, suffering, feeling
apathy
disease, suffering, feeling
path-
to grow
phy-
phy-
to grow
physics
phyt-
plant, growth
plant, growth
phyt-
phyll-
leaf
lead
phyll-
plas-, plast-
to form, mold
to form, mold
plas-, plast-
scop-
to look, view at
to look at, view
scop-
sta-
to stand, to stop
to stand, to stop
sta-
stal-, stol-, -stle
to send, to contract
to send, to contract
stol-, stal-, -stle
diastolic, systolic
thalam-
chamber, room
chamber, room
thalam-
thyr-
shield
shield
thyr-
thyroid
tom-
to cut
to cut
tom-
ton-
stretching, tension
atonia, catatonic
stretching, tension
ton-
tox-
poison
poison
tox-
troph-
nourishment
nourishment
troph-
zyg-
yoke, joining
yoke, joining
zyg-
sympathy
suffering together
endoscope
instrument for examining/viewing within a body cavity
hypodermic
beneath the skin; subcutaneous
metabolism
the chemical process of changing/transforming substances into energy
anatomy
the science of cutting up the body
apathy
lack of feeling; indifference
entomology
the study of insects; things that can be cut into
en - tom - o - logy
catabolic
process of breaking down material into energy
epiphytic
growth of a plant on another
atom
uncuttable particle
of a disease, movement from 1 location to another
metastasis
located besides to kidneys
paranephric
substance that increases rate of reaction by breaking things down
catalyst
under formation or insufficient growth
hypotrophic
to build up or construct
anabolic
having no water
anhydrous
mutually beneficial relationship of 2 organisms contributing to each other nourishment
symbiosis
outer layer of skin
epidermis
condition of diminished muscle tension
atonia
offshoot, undergrowth of pituitary gland
hypophysis
protein binds free Hb
hemoglobin
shield like structure
thyroid
science of poisons
toxicology
dilation or relaxation of heart or an artery
diastolic
yoking together or joining
syzygy
power; vigor and intensity of action
energy
lack of rhythm or regularity
arrhythmia
related to inner part of skull
endocranial
process of changing in form
metamorphosis
hypothyroidism
condition of decreased hormone production and metabolism
dialysis
process of removing soluble substances from a liquid by allowing them to pass thru a memebrane
trophoblast
growth of cells allowing an embryo to receive nutrients
antitoxin
antibody that counteracts some harmful substance
hypostasis
poor or stagnant circulation of blood
a standing under
anabiosis
resuscitation, coming to life again
catatonic
reduced movement or activity
endoplasm
the inner substance of a cell
something molded
aphyllous
having no leaves
metagenetic
alternating between sexual and asexual reproduction
endotoxin
poisonous substance contained within bacterial cell
prognosis
forecast of probable outcome for a patient
synapse
joining together of 2 neurons/nerve cells
metagastric
on posterior end of the stomach
endocrine
relating to internal secretions
op, opt-
to see
Phil-
philanthropy
to love
lith-
stone
crypt-
hidden
pod-
foot
respiration
exchange of CO2 and O2 ~ cells of body and atmosphere
turbinates and nasal conchae
air taken in thru nasal cavity passes over these thin tiny bony plates that filter incoming air and regulate its temp and humidity
mucus
traps inhaled debris and is moved to stomach by cilia
cilia
move mucus and debris to stomach
hair like cellular projections
4 sinuses
maxillary, ethmoid, frontal, sphenoid
pharynx
throat
air passage steps
- over turbinates and nasal conchae
- thru pharynx = throat
- past epiglottis
- into larynx (upper windpipe) and trachea
- trachea bifurcates into 2 bronchi (air tubes) to the lungs
- bronchi split into smaller tubes = bronchioles that terminates in alveoli
- enter lungs
- into blood by capillaries and pulmonary veins
throat
pharynx
epiglottis
prevents food from entering lungs
over/on top of glottis
glottis
vocal apparatus of larynx
upper windpipe
larynx
larynx purpose
upper windpipe guards entrance to trachea and is voice organ
trachea
air enters from larynx
tracheia = rough
previously termed artery (artery)
branches into 2 bronchi
bronchi
air tubes;
trachea branches into 2 bronchi (air tubes)
2 tubes separates by trachea’s carina (keel, ridge)
trachea’s carina
keel, ridge
of trachea separates 2 bronchi and diverts air into right and left lungs
lungs
divided into lobes and coated in serious double membrane “pleura” (side, rib)
visceral pleura encloses lobes
parietal pleura lines interior of chest cavity
pleura
side; rib
serous double membrane
1. visceral pleura - encloses lungs
2. parietal pleura - lines interior of chest cavity
3. pleural cavity is small space ~ membranes and lubricates movement
bronchioles
bronchi split into smaller tubes
greek alphabet
ABGDEZETiKL
MNXOPRSTUPCPO
greek alphabet mnemonic
a big green Dino eats zebras, elephants
then it kisses lips
many nurses x-rayed other pet rhinos
so they ushered patients carefully, providing order
alpha
α
α
lower A alpha
Beta
Β, β lower
β
lowercase beta
gamma
Γ, γ
lowercase gamma
γ
γ
lowercase gamma
uppercase gamma
Γ
delta
Δ, δ
δ
lowercase delta
lowercase delta
δ
epsilon
Ε, ε
ε
lowercase epsilon
lowercase epsilon
ε
uppercase epsilon
E
zeta
Z, ζ
ζ
lowercase zeta
lowercase zeta
ζ
Eta
(h English)
H, η
H
uppercase eta
uppercase eta
H
η
lowercase eta
lowercase eat
η
H, η
eta
theta
Θ, θ
θ
lowercase theta
lowercase theta
θ
uppercase theta
Θ
Θ
uppercase theta
iota
I , ι
I
iota
ι
lowercase iota
lowercase iota
ι
kappa
K, k
K, k
kappa
lambda
Λ, λ
λ
lowercase lambda
lowercase lambda
λ
uppercase lambda
Λ
Λ
uppercase lambda
Mu
M, μ
μ
lowercase mu
lowercase mu
μ
uppercase mu
M
M
mu
Nu
N, v
v
lowercase Nu
lowercase Nu
v
Xi
Ξ, ξ
lowercase xi
ξ
ξ
lowercase xi
Ξ
uppercase xi
uppercase xi
Ξ
omicron
O, o
O, o
omicron
Pi
Π, π
Π
uppercase pi
uppercase pi
Π
rho
P, ρ
ρ
rho
lowercase rho
ρ
uppercase rho
P
P
uppercase rho
sigma
Σ, σ
σ
lowercase sigma
lowercase sigma
σ
Σ
uppercase sigma
uppercase sigma
Σ
Tau
T, τ
τ
lower tau
lower tau
τ
upsilon
Υ, υ
upper upsilon
Y
Y
upper upsilon
lower upsilon
υ
υ
lower upsilon
Phi
Φ, φ
φ
lower phi
lower phi
φ,
Φ
upper phi
upper phi
Φ
chi
X, χ
χ
lower chi
lower chi
χ
upper chi
X
X
upper chi
psi
Ψ, ψ
ψ
lower psi
lower psi
ψ
upper psi
Ψ
Ψ
upper psi
omega
Ω, ω
ω
lower omega
lower omega
ω
upper omega
Ω
Ω
upper omega
αμ νησια
amnesia
σ/ς
lower sigma
ς
lower sigma
lowercase sigma
σ/ς
geriatrics
for a young person = want large body
for old person - small body desirable
illness is like a disease
stoics - old age brought on by shortage of heart
life expectancy was low so old people respected for being the odds
heart
kardia
flow of blood
- blood in superior/inferior vena cava
- deoxygenated blood flows into right atrium
- deoxy. blood flows into right ventricle
- blood exits thru tricuspid valve into the pulmonary artery into lungs to receive O2
- from lungs, via pulmonary vein into left atrium
- thru mitral valve
- then into left ventricle and
- into aortic valve/aorta arteries to supply body
vena cava
hollow vein
hollow vein
vena cava
1st steps of blood flow
deoxy. blood in vena cavae flows into RIGHT atrium and then right ventricle
exits pulmonary artery into lung for O2
oxygenation steps of blood
blood exits via pulmonary artery into the lungs
from lungs, travels via pulmonary veins into LEFT atrium, then left ventricle thru aorta to arteries
coronary arteries
supply heart with oxygenated blood
supply heart with oxygenated blood
coronary arteries
cardiac veins
deoxy blood is returned to lungs
returns deoxy. blood to the lungs
cardiac veins
pulmon
lung
lung
pulmon
-ary
having to do with
pulmonary
having to do with the lungs
ventr-
stomach
ventricle
little stomach, pouch
little stomach
ventricle
atrium
chamber, 1st room in roman house
from “Ater” black from smoke of fires in room
epicardium
tissue on heart
innermost
innermost heart tissue, on the heart
epicardium
around the heart tissue
pericardium
pericardium
around the heart
tricuspid valve
3 pointed valve keeps blood flow in 1 direction
3 pointed
tricuspid valve keeps flow from right ventricle to pulmonary artery in 1 direction
mitral valve
oxygenated blood flows from left atrium into left ventricle
blood leaves the heart WHERE
aorta
from left ventricle, into aorta thru aortic valves and exits into arteries
atrioventricular valves
- atrioventricular atri - o - ventr - icular
- mitral - left atrium/ventricle
- tricuspid
valves of the heart
- mitral
- tricuspid
- aortic valve
pulmonary?
septum interventriculare cordis
division of heart ~ ventricles
division of heart ~ ventricles
septum interventriculare cordis
interventricular
wall ~ ventricles
- membranous
- muscular
VSD
ventricular septal birth defect
hole in septum of ventricular wall
chordae tendineae
heart strings, tendinous chords
connected to papillary muscle, hold the valves in place
anchor the valves
chordae tendinae
heart strings
chordae tendinae
connected to papillary muscle
chordae tendinae
tissue around heart
- endocardium
myocardium
pericardium - around; 2 layers visceral and parietal
pericardium
2 layers around heart
- visceral for organs
- parietal (wall)
visceral and parietal
layers of pericardium around heart
visceral is also called epicardium
aorta
where oxygenated blood leaves the heart
- ascending and descending
- brachiocephalic artery
- subclavian artery
carotid artery
press = unconscious
from “kapos” = heavy sleep, torpor
kapos
heavy sleep, torpor
= carotid artery
heavy sleep, torpor
kapos = carotid artery
systole
when pulmonary and aortic valves are open and blood is pumped out of heart
- 2 valves open
- 2 valves closed: mitral, biscupid
from verb = to draw together
- heartbeat, contraction, blood pumped to arteries
valves of systole
2 open: pulmonary and aortic
2 closed = mitral and tricuspid
diastole
dia = through, across, ~
blood refills heart and ventricles dilate, heart relaxes
- tricuspid and mitral valves open
sun/syn
to draw apart or contract
with or together
diastole valves
heart relaxes and refills
mitral and tricuspid open
mitral
valve names after “mitre” bishops hat
mitre
bishops hat = mitral valve
deoxygenated blood flows where
into vena cavae then into right atrium
2 aortas
aorta ascendens and aorta descendens
sustellein
to draw together/contract
systole
prefix syn/sun = with, together
diastellein
to expand, separate
dia = across, ~
plasma
mold, shape
amphi
both, around
both, around
amphi
ant, anti-
against, opposite
against, opposite
ant, anti-
apo-
from, off, away
from, off, away
apo-
dys-
bad, disordered, difficult
bad, disordered, difficult
dys-
ec, ex-
out, out of
out, out of
ex, ec-
ecto, exo
outside, external
outside, external
ecto, exo-
eso-
inside, internal
inside, internal
eso-
eu-
well, good, normal
well, good, normal
eu-
peri-
around, near
around, near
peri-
pro-
before, in front, forward
before, in front, forward
pro-
pros-
toward, in addition
toward, in addition
pros
ante-
before
before
ante
acou-, acu-
to hear
to hear
acou-, acu-
bal, ball, bol, -ble
to throw, to put
ballistic, problem
to throw, to put
bal, ball, bol, -ble
ballistic, problem
bar-
weight, pressure
weight pressure
bar-
bary-
heavy
heavy
bary-
bi-
life
life
bi-
chondr-
cartilage, granule
cartilage, granule
chondr-
crani-
cranium
cranium
crani
cri-
to separate
crisis
to separate
cri-
crisis
crisis
cri = to separate
crin-
to secrete
to secrete
crin-
cyt-
cell
cell
cyt
eme, emet-
to vomit
vomit
eme-, émet
hyperemesis
gam-
marriage
monogamy
marriage
gam-
polygamy
gen-, gene-, gon-
to be produced
to be produced
gen, gene, gon-
gon-
seed
gonad
gon
to be produced, seed
seed
gon-
hidro-
sweat
sweat
hidro
hyperhidrosis
morph
form, shape
form, shape
morph
morphology
neur-
nerve, tendon
nerve, tendon
neur-
pep, peps, pept
to digest
to digest
pep, peps, pept
pha-
to say
emphasis, aphasia
to say
pha-
emphasis, aphasia
plex-
stroke, blow
stroke, blow
plex
cataplexy
pleg-
paralysis
cardioplegia
paralysis
pleg-
pseud
false
rhythm
rhythm
sep-
rotten
sepsis
rotten
sep-
antiseptic, sepsis
than, thana, thanat-
death
euthanasia
death
than, thana, thanat
euthanasia
therm
heat
heat
therm
the-
to put, place
synthesis, prosthetic
to put, place
the-
synthesis, prosthetic
top-
place
place
top
trop, trep-
to turn toward
to turn toward
trop, trep
prosthetic
serving as a substitute placed upon/attached to
- pros - the - tic
euthanasia
easy, well death
hyperthermia
elevated body temp
excessive heating
antiseptic
preventing decay
amphibian
lives in both biological environments
pseudogene
false/fake DNA seq. similar to active gene but is inactive
dyspepsia
impaired dysfunctional digestion
ectopic
located away from normal place/position
perineurium
layer of tissue that surrounds each nerve
emetogenic
causes vomiting
pain on both sides of head
amphicrania
effusion of blood into organ; a striking from
apoplexy
proper rhythm, regularity of pulse
eurythmia
a turning inward of the eyes
esotrophia
heaving greater than normal atm, pressure
hyperbaric
substance destructive against life
antibiotic
intentional paralyzing of the heart for operation
cardioplegia
body temp determined by environment
ectothermic
membranous sac around heart
pericardium
difficulty, something thrown in front of
problem
turning inward or convergence
esophoria
rash that oozes, boiling out
eczema
precursor RBC
proethythroblast
secretory cell gives off/away protoplasm
apocrine
delay prevent blood clotting
anticoagulant
normal good respiration
eupnea
disease causes diarrhea and blood loss
dysentery
highest point of orbiting body from earth
apogee
inflammation around kidneys
perinephritis
ecchondroma
cartilaginous outgrowth or tumor
excessive vomiting
hyperemesis
related to characteristic forms that distinguish ~ species with same ancestor
apomorphic
cell located around CBS ganglionic neurons
amphicyte
hypergenesis
excessive proliferation of cells
circulatory
having to do with the act of carrying around
circu - lat - ory
having to do with the act of carrying around
circulatory
circu - lat - ory
artery in greek
from air, to lift
jugular vein
near throat, iugulum
axillary artery
armpit
popliteal vein
popliteal
cubital
elbow
peroneal veins
fibular veins
fibular veins
peroneal veins
perone and fibula
the clasp of a brooch = fibula bone
the clasp of brooch
perone and fibula
caroun
to stupefy
if carotid artery blocked, unconscious
saphenous veins
saphes = clear
cafin = obscure
basilic veins
basileous = king
royal veins
to liver and spleen
music therapy
magic healing powers for the mind and body
alleviate mental pain and promote good health
iridoplegia
paralyzed iris
arteries
have high pressure
more likely to spurt blood if cut
carry Oxygenated blood
low volume 15% of blood in body
arteries red
circulatory system
blood in a circuit is recycled
pulmonary artery
carries less oxygenated blood
arteries mostly carry oxygenated blood, red, high pressure
veins
in blue, deoxygenated blood
low pressure, have valves
high volume 65% blood
have valves?
veins have valves
high pressure?
arteries
low pressure
veins
high volume
veins
low volume
arteries
jugular
throat
throat
jugular
basileus
king, royal vein is basilica vein
papillary muscles
5 in heart go from ventricular walls
muscles attach to tricuspid and mitral valve via chordae tendinae and prevent bidirectional blood flow
pericardium divisions
epicardium (on heart), myosin, pericardium
pericardium has visceral and parietal layers
visceral is also epicardium
epicardium
also the visceral layer of pericardium
relaxation of heart
diastole
atrioventricular valves open
arteriole
little artery
little artery
arteriole
venule
little vein
venule
little vein
a-, an-
not, without
not, without
a, an-
ana, an-
up back, again
up, back, again
ana, an-
cat, cata
down, against according to
cataract
di, dia
through, across, between
down, against
cata, cat-
thru, across, between
di, dia
in into inward
en, el, em
en, el, em
in into inward
enema
endo, ento
within inner
within inner
endo, ento
ento
within inner
ep, epi-
upon, on, to, in addition to
upon, on, to, in addition to
ep, epi-
epidural, epilepsy
hyp, hypo-
below deficient
met, meta
after, change, transfer
after, change, transfer
meta
metamorphosis
metastasis
par, para
beside, disordered, resembling
beside, disordered, resembling
par, para
parasitic, paraspinal
syn, sym, sy, sys
with, together
symbiotic
systolic
with, together
sym, sys, sy-, syn
symbiosis
systolic
pain
alg
cephal
head
brain
encephal
work
erg
gno
to know
to know
gno
hap, hapt
to grasp, fasten
synapse
to grasp, fasten
hap, hapt
synapse root
hap, hapt = to grasp, fasten
ly, lys
to loosen, dissolve
loosen dissolve
ly, lys
od-
way, road
cathode
way, road
od
path
disease feeling suffering
phy-
to grow
to grow
phy
phyt
plant, growth
plant, growth
phyt
phyll
leaf
plas, plast
to form, mold
form, mold
plas, plast
sta
to stand, stop
metastasis
to stand or stop
sta-
thalam
chamber, room
thyr-
shield
shield
thyr-
ton-
stretching, tension
atonia
stretching, tension
ton-
atonia
troph
nourishment
atrophy
zyg
yoke, joining
yolk, joining
zyg-
sympathy
suffering together
influence produced by a disorder
metabolism
chem process of transforming substances
entomology
things that can be cut into
catabolic
breaking down material into energy
epiphytic
growth of one plant organism on another
dialysis
filtering process to remove soluble substances from liquid thru membrane
trophoblast
growth of cells allowing embryo to receive nutrients
hypostasis
a standing under; poor stagnant circulation
poor stagnant blood circulation is a standing under
hypostasis
anabiosis
resuscitation, coming to life again
catatonic
reduced movement and activity
endoplasm
something molded inner substance of cell
aphyllous
no leaves
metagenetic
alternating between sexual and asexual reproduction
metagastric
posterior end of stomach
bronchi
split into 2 smaller bronchioles tubes that terminate in alveoli sacs
alveoli
alveus = hollow space, channel
bronchioles terminate in these sacs and here O2 passes into blood by transmission into capillaries, then into pulmonary veins and heart
alveus
hollow space, channel –> alveoli
bronchioles terminate here
diaphragm
barrier
muscular sheet that contracts down to form vacuum in lungs, draws in air
when relaxed, ascends ad pushes air out for exhale
barrier
diaphragm
muscular sheet
- forms vacuum in lungs
drugs
pharmakon = drug and poison
no regulations or testing
epidural
on the dura mater of the spine
encephalitis
brain inflammation
concha
shell, turbinates
superior, middle inferior
shell
concha turbinate
sinus
fold, curve or hollow
fold or hollow
sinus
vestibule
1st room in roman house
trachea
rough
rough
trachea
1st room in roman house
vestibule
pharynx
throat
what is the throat called
pharynx
trachea anatomy
rough bifurcates into 2 bronchi
carina
ridge, keel divides trachea into 2 bronchi
ridge, keel
carina
divides trachea into 2 bronchi
goblet cell
cup shaped
cilia
eyelash and eyelids, hair like projections
bronchial tree
alveolus (alveus is hollow space, channel)
bronchiole - little bronchi tubes
where does gas exchange occur
alveolus/alveoli
alveoli
grape like cluster of sacs where gas exchange happens
surrounded by capillary plexus
capillary plexus
braid, branching network surrounds alveoli sacs
plexus
braid, branching network
(of capillaries, surrounds alveoli sacs)
pleura
“side, rib”
a serous membrane coats the lungs
- visceral layer
- parietal layer
side, rib
pleura
layers of pleura
“side, rib”
membrane coates lungs
visceral - lobes of lungs
parietal - lines interior chest cavity
space in-between is pleural cavity with lubrication fluid for movement (seen in pericardium)
pleural cavity
in-between parietal and visceral pleura is lubricating fluid more motion
fence
diaphragm
contracts to force a vacuum in respiration
vacuum respiration
diaphragm = barrier, fence
draws in air and ascends to exhale
visceral pleura
coats lobes of lungs
parietal pleura
lines interior of chest cavity
tunica interna
inner layer of blood vessel walls
internal covering
tunic
coat
blood vessel layers
tunica interna, media, externa
valvula venosa
little venous valve
little venous valve
valvula venosa
vas capillare
capillaries
capillaries
vas capillare
cephalic vein
vein of the head
epiglottis
upon the glottis
septum intraventriculare in english
intraventricular septum - muscular wall divides hearts ventricles into left and right
first room roman house
- vestibule than atrium
pros
toward, in addition to
apo
away, off
guest lecture
cholecyst: gallbladder (green; stores bile to help break down food in intestines)
“chole” = gall or bile
“ghee” = shine, green/yellow
chlor = green/yellow
gallbladder
cholecyst
chole = gall or bile
ghel- shine, green/yellow
green/yellow
ghel, chlor
chole
gall or bile
gall or bile
chole
cholecyst
gallbladder
spondly
spine
genic
produce, make
arthritis, spondylitis
inflammation
arthrosis, spondylosis
condition of degradation
conditions of degradation
-osis
