med terms exam 3 Flashcards
2nd dictionary entry
reveals declension
for 3rd dec., reveals root
body
corpus, corporis, n
part
pars, partis
pars
part
partis
part
pars, partis
part
cavity, abdominal cavity
cavitas, cavitatis
cavitas
abdominal cavity
cavitatis
abdominal cavity
organ
organum, -i
organum, -i
organ
artery
arteria, -ae
vein
vena, -ae
vessel
vas, vasis
vas
vessel
vasis
vessel
vas, vasis
vessel
bone
os, ossis
os, ossis
bone
muscle
musculus, -i
nerve
nervus, -i
head
caput, capitis
caput
head
capitis
head
caput, capitis
head
face
facies
facies
face
eye
oculus
oculus
eye
auris
ear
ear
auris
nasus
nose
nose
nasus
mouth
os, oris
os
mouth
oris
mouth
os, oris
mouth
cheek
bucca, -ae
bucca
cheek
chin
mentum
mentum
chin
occiput, back of head
occiput, occipitis
forehead
sinciput, sincipitis
sinciput, sincipitis
forehead
tempus, temporis
tempora temple of the head
collum
neck
neck
collum
cervix
neck
neck
cervix
trunk
truncus
-ion
the result of, result of an action
-ure
result of
nominal suffixes
act of, result of, means of
RAM of
-cle, -cul-
RAM of
result, act, means of
-crum, -cr-
RAM of
result, act, means of
-culum
RAM of
result, act, means of
-men, -min-
RAM of
-ment
RAM of
-mentum
RAM of
result, act, means of
-trum, -tr-
RAM of
-ure
RAM of
result, act, means of
-us
RAM of
diminutives
little versions
-cle
-ature
collection/system of something
NOT -ure
ambul-
to walk
to walk
ambul
cer
to wax
to wax
cer
cerumen, ceraceous
clos, clud, clus-
to shut, close
closure
occlusion
to shut, close
clos-, clud, clus-
closure
occlusion
fid, fiss-
to split
to split
fid-, fiss
fissure, spina bifida
fil-
thread
thread
fil-
filament
for-
to bore, pierce
forament
perforation
to bore, pierce
for-
perforation
hal-, halit-
to breathe
to breathe
hal-, halit-
hi-, hiat-
to stand open, to gape
to stand open, to gape
hi-, hiat-
lig-, Ligat-
to bind
to bind
lig, ligat
ligament
mov-, mot, mo-
to move
to move
mov-, mot-, mo-
momentum
motion
pig-
to paint, to dye
to paint, to dye
pig-
press-
to press
to press
press-
punct-, pung-
to prick
to prick
punct-, pung-
rupt-
to break, to burst
break, burst
rupt-
sciss-
to cut, split
to cut, split
sciss-
sed-, -sid-, sess-
to sit, settle
to sit, settle
sed-, -sid-, sess-
spec-, spect-
to look at
to look at
spec-, spect-
stimul-
to urge, to goad
to urge, to goad
stimul-
tect-, teg-
to cover
protective,
to cover
tect-, teg-
protective
temper, temperat-
to moderate, to blend
to moderate, to blend
temper-, temperat
tinn, tinnit-
to ring
to ring
tinn, tinnit-
tract-
to draw, drag
to draw, drag
tract-
volv, volu, volut
to roll
revolution
to roll
volv, volu, volut
volvulus
// containment
con / tain / ment
act of holding together
cerumen
cer / u/ men
contracture
con / tract / ure
rupture
rupt / ure
foramen
for / a / men
halitus
halit / us
motion
mot / ion
protective
pro / tect / ive
scissure
scissors / ure
segment
seg / ment
tegmen
teg / men
an appendage, means of trying for
tentacle
result of the act of pressing
pressure
pierce from act of breaking
fragment
means of nourishing
nutrition
related to act of settling (minerals)
sedimentary
stirring up feelings
sentimental, sensual
result of act of splitting
fissure
glans
acorn
acorn
glans
penis, phallus
tail
scrotum
leather pouch
leather pouch
money bag
scrotum
ampulla
jar, container
testis
testicle, witness
testicle
testis
witness
testis
epididymis
upon the testicles, upon the twins
symphysis pubis
growing together of pubic bones
prepuce
foreskin
foreskin
prepuce
urina
bladder
ejaculatory
disposed to ejaculate
urinary bladder
-ary having to do with urine
vesic-
bladder
bladder
vesic
Galen on the usefulness of parts
wished waste products like urine flowed out from the feet
the body is a balance between functional design and beautiful aesthetics/decorations
cicero on the body
the body is mysterious
we don’t know about it
not even dissection helps to understand
substantive
adjectives can be used as nouns
adjectives can be used as nouns
substantive
place of suffixes
nominal
arium
ary
ble, bule, bula, bulum,
orium
-ory
place of
arium, orium
ary, ory
bulum, bula, ble, bule
-ory
place of
dormitory, purgatory
-orium
place of, nominal
auditorium
bula
place of
-bulum
place of
-ble
place of
mandible
-bule
place of
vestibule
-ary
place of
-arium
place of
person/thing doing suffixes
nominal
-ant, cant,
ent, ient
-or
assistant, current, motor, contaminator
-ant
person/thing doing
-iant
person/thing doing
-ent
person/thing doing
-ient
person/thing doing
-or
person/thing doing
aper, apert-
to open
to open
aper, apert-
aperture
av-
bird
bird
av-
crem-, cremat-
to burn
to burn
crem, cremat
dilat
spread out
spread out
dilat
don, donat-
to give
to give
don, donat
firm-
strong, able
strong, able
firm-
habit, habitat-
to dwell
to dwell
habit-, habitat
I, it-
to go
to go
I-, it-
exit, transient, itinerary
lubric-, lubricat-
to make smooth
to make smooth
lubric, lubricat-
moll-
soft
soft
moll
emollient, mollusk
oper-, operat-
to work
to work
oper, operat-
ori, ort
to rise
abortion, disorient
to rise
ori, ort
abortion, disorient
oscill, oscillat
to swing
to swing
oscill, oscillat-
oss-
bone
bone
oss
pati, pass
to suffer, endure
to suffer, endure
pati, pass
pend, pens-
to hang, weigh, pay
to hang, weigh, pay
pend-, pens-
pendulum, appendix, pension
pil
hair
hair
pil
pileous
pred, predat-
prey, to hunt
reg-, -rig-, rect-
to rule, make straight
to rule, make straight
reg-, -rig-, rect-
erector
rod-, ros-
to gnaw
to gnaw
rod, ros-
corrosion
rodent
spir, spirat-
to breathe
to breathe
spir, spirat
respirator
string, strict-
to draw tight
constrictor
to draw tight
string-, strict-
constrict
tribu-, tribut-
to assign, to allot
to assign, allot
tribu, tribut-
vit, viv-
life, to live
life, to live
vit-, viv
transient
trans / I / ent
tending to go through, inclined to pass away
abortion
to miscarry
ab- = NOT
not to rise
extensor
ex / tens / or
muscle extends part of body
depilatory
de / pil / at / ory
used to remove hair
ossuary
oss / u / ary
receptacle for bones
abortorium
ab / ort / orium
clinic for abortions
ovarian
ov / ar / ian
having to do with ovaries
expectorant
ex / pector / ant
substance causing discharge of mucus
infirmary
in / firm / ary
area for the sick
restriction
re / strict / ion
drawing or holding back
erector
e / rect / or
on who erects
place where plants preserved
vivarium, herbarium
something that nourishes
nutrient
something causes movement
motor
something swinging back and forth
oscillator
something that drags
tractor
one who hears, takes account of
auditor
something that presses down
depressor
one who apportions resources
distributor
oscillopsia
illusionary perception og stationary objects moving
abortive
premature expulsion of fetus
astringent
agent with constricting or binding effect
interosseous
between the bones
aperient
mild laxative opens the bowels
suspension
attachment of body part to supporting structure
cohabitation
act of living with another entity
nasociliary
relating to nose and eyebrows
expedient
something that quickens a task, an advantage
papilla
small nipple shaped projection
insemination
discharge of semen to fertilize ovum
appendix
accessory, hangin on part
pileous
hairy
distal
farther removed from given point of reference
respirometer
device to measure breathing quality
vor-
to eat
ann, enn
year
flor
floral
year
ann, enn
loc-
place
mort-
death
labia majora
bigger lips
labia minora
smaller lips
vagina
sheath, scabbard
sheath, scabbard
vagina
cervix
opening to womb
(neck)
cervix uteri
opening to the womb
ovaries
produce eggs, ova
fornix
arch, curved surface
brothel
3 in vagina
arch
fornix
uterus
womb
womb
uterus
belly
alvus
alvus
belly
venter
stomach
stomach
venter
uterine
having to do with uterus
having to do with uterus
uterine
related to urethra
urethral
urethral
related to urethra
sigmoid colon
shaped like a sigma
macrobius
stomach should be the father authority of the body
plato
the head is the most divine and spherical
wearing ring on finger
when body’s cut open, a nerve runs from heart to the finger so it should be decorated
galen on the the brain
the brain is divine, more likely to be the ruler of body than the heart
Homer’s Odyssey
hero Odysseus - stomach is wretched (hunger, Macrobius)
believe the heart rules
Aristotle and stoics
kardia for heart, kratia for rule
nerves of heart to the finger rings
diminutive nouns
little
smaller, little versions
flagellum
tiny whip
diminutive suffixes
cle, cule
ellus, ella, ellum
ette, et
ule, ole, -le
ulus, ula, ulum, olus, ola, olum
-cule
little (diminutive)
-cle
little (diminutive)
-ellus, -ella, -ellum
(diminutive) little
-et, -ette
(diminutive) little
-ole, -le, -ule
little (diminutive)
-ula, ulus, ulum, olus
little (diminutive)
nominal -cle
RAM od
result, act, means of
rare diminutives
-el
-il
ills, illa, illum
uncle
unculus
to make, to cause to be suffix
-fy, -ize
-fy, -ize
to make, to cause to be
-esce
process begins/continues
–> -escent
to make, to cause to be
-fy, -ize
to begin, to become/grow
-esce
verbal
-esce
to begin, to become/grow
-ate
to make, perform act of
to make, perform act of
-ate
anim-
soul spirit
capill
hair (on head)
capillary
(caput = head; pil = body hair)
cand
to glow white
hair (on head)
capill
to glow white
cand
cell
room
room
cell
circ
circle, ring
circle ring
circ
clav
key
key
clav
cut-
skin
skin
cut
ferr-
iron
iron
ferr-
flor-
flower
flower
flor-
foll-
bag
bag
foll-
follicle
germ, germin-
sprout, bud, germ
sprout, germ , bud
germ, germin
glabr-
smooth
smooth
glabr-
glob-
sphere, lump
lump, sphere
glob-
gran-
grain, seed
grain seeed
gran-
loc-, locat
place
place
loc, locat
mol-
mass, bulk
mass, bulk
mol-
mort-
death
death
mort
plan-
flat
flat
plan
planar
pulv, pulver-
dust
dust
pulv, pulver
pulverize
ret
net
net
ret-
sicc, siccat-
dry, to dry
dry, to dry
sicc, siccat-
tuber-
swelling
swelling
tuber-
ungu-
finger/toe nail
finger/toe nail
ungu
viscer-
entrails, organs, innards
entrails
viscer-
muscle
little mouse
corpuscle
corpus / cle
little body of matter
expectorate
ex / pector / ate
to discharge from chest
glabella
glab / ella
smooth area between eyebrows
naturalize
nat / ur / al / ize
adapt a plant/animal to new environ
molecule
mol / e/ cule
small mass or particle
planula
plan / ula
larva with flat body
florescent
flor / esc / ent
flowering
rectify
rect / I / fy
to make right
ferrule
ferr / ule
metallic ring for holding things together
to grind up into dust
pulverize
a little ear, earlobe
auricle
turn into liquid
liquify
small bone
ossicle
hair like blood vessel
capillary
to make clean
sanitize
to cause to die
mortify
to take the entrails out
eviscerate
glabrate
smooth, bald
desiccation
act of drying out
mortiferous
bringing death
globule
small rounded body
unguiculus
small nail or claw
siccostabile
not altered by drying
visceroparietal
related to entrails
granule
small grain like mass
reticulation
formation of network mass
ferrokinetics
study of use, storage of iron
nox, noct
night
macul-
spot
pet-
to seek, ask for
centripetal, petition
form-
form, shape
ultim-
last, farthest
staphyle
bunch of grapes
–> staphylococcus
uvula
little grape
epiglottis
upon the tongue
flap ata the roof of tongue that covers glottis during swallowing
gingiva
gum
tonsillae
tonsils
amygdala
almonds
palatum
roof of mouth as the sky
papillae
nipples of the tongue
4 categories
filiform, fungiform, foliate, circumvallate
fil-
thread
filiform
papillae of tongue are thread shaped
fungiform
papillae of tongue are mushroom shaped
foliate
papillae of tongue shaped like leaves
circumvallate
papillae of tongue are surrounded by rampart
phys-
nature
gno
to know
what do physical features reveal?
Medea play - men are not like gold. cant tell if real fake, honest deceitful
pliny the elder believed body could predict future
physiognomy
signs of the corpus
- stereotypic and racist
mult-
many
medi-
middle
peninsula
almost an island
-cide
murder
dens-
thick
lat-
wide
nov-
new
centr-
center
equ
equal, even
magn
great
medi
middle
mult
many, much
pen
almost
almost
pen
plur
many
many
plur, mult
vari
different, varied
-cide
kill, murder
-fuge
flight escape
-grade
step, degree
-ped(e)
foot
aev-, -ev-
age, period of time
age, period of time
longevity
aev-, -ev-
al-
wing
wing
al-
ann-, enn
year
year
ann-, enn
calci-
limestone, calcium
limestone, calcium
calci-
cili-
eyelid, eyelash
eyelid, eyelash
cili-
foli-
leaf
leaf
foli-
exfoliate
herb-
grass
grass
herb-
lamin-
thin plate
thin plate
lamin-
macul-
spot
spot
macul
immaculate
matr-, matern
mother
mother
matr, matern
nod-
knot
multinodal
knot
nod
not(urn), nox
night
night
not(urn), nox
omn-
all, every
all, every
omn-
patr-, patern
father
father
patr, patern
pet, petit
to seek, ask for
to seek, ask for
pet, petit
centripetal
petition
sept-
fence, to separate
fence, to separate
sept-
septum
spic-
point, spike
point, spike
spic-
ultim-
last, farthest
last, farthest
ultim-
umbr
shade, shadow
shade, shadow
umbr-
unc-, uncin-
hook
hook
unc-, uncin
verm
worm
worm
verm
vill-
shaggy hair, tuft of hair
shaggy or tuft of hair
vill-
voc-
voice, to call
voice to call
voc-
vor-
to eat
to eat
vor-
multiciliate
mult / i / cili / ate
egocentric
ego / centr / ic
primeval
prim / ev / al
febrifuge
febr / i / fuge
exfoliate
ex / foli / ate
lamelliform
lam / ell / I / form
shape of a small thin plate
pluriseptate
plur / i / sept / ate
having several partitions
unciform
unc / I / form
shaped like a hook
equinox
equi / nox
day when duration of night = duration
shaped like a wing
aliform
mowing something bigger
magnification
having many leaves
plurifoliate
having diff forms
multiform
unspotted
immaculate
second to last, almost last
penultimate
plurennial
lasting for many years
maculopapular
having colored spots
varicella
infectious disease marked by rashes/spots
nodose
swollen knot like at intervals
uncinariasis
condition of being infested with hookworms
oviform
egg shaped
cilioretinal
related to ciliary body and the retina
villosity
being covered with shaggy hairs
tooth divisions
crown, neck and root
corona, collum/cervix, radix
crown
corona
neck
collum or cervix
root
radix
pulpa dentis
soft pulp of core of tooth
dentin(e)
hard chemical substance
cementum
rough-hewn stone
protects dentin; a bonelike connective tissue
from base cid- = to cut
enamel
to smelt
hard, smooth glossy surface
gingiva
gum
around the tooth
periodontal ligament
periodontal ligament
around the tooth
around the root, connects to alveolar bone
occlusal
top of molars and premolars
molars
grinding function
mola = millstone
mola
millstone
molars
bicuspid
2 cusped premolars
before the moalrs
canins
4 dog teeth
incisors
cutting into teeth
opinions on athletes
galen - they are still vulnerable and most at risk bc the rigor they practice is unnatural
verb suffixes
ate, esce, fy, ize
adjective suffixes
ary, ose, ate, form
adductor
ad duct or
sanatorium
sanat / orium
ovulate
ov - ul - ate
corrosion
cor - ros - ion
dentiform
dent - I - form
incandescent
in - când - esc - ent
herbivorous
herb - I - vor - ous
dilation
dilat - ion
multimacular
mult - i - macul - ar
invigorate
in - vig - or - ate
arbor
tree
clin-
inclination, decline
to lend
jug, junct
to join
aborting a fetus
feticide
tends to flout from center
centrifugal
act of doing something again
repetition
to bring to focus in middle
concentrate
recurring every year
perennial
dividing wall/membrane
septum
a little knot
nodule
used for tying or binding (bones)
ligament
melancholia
melan / col / ia
the state of black bile
- humoral thry
gonorrhea
gon / o / rrhea
belief discharge consisted of seminal fluid (seed)
rheumatism
from flow of watery humors in body
4 humors
blood, phlegm/mucus, yellow and black bile
retained for humors of the eye
vitreous
glass
contraction
general to specific
ex - epilepsy
epilepsy as contraction
from general to specific
from all seizures to 1 specific disease
typhus
smoke or mist
eclampsia
light burst from the lamp
disease that suddenly came on –> now specific pregnancy complication
glaucoma
grey green eye color
herpes
creep now STI
expansion
from specific to general meaning
semantic changes
contraction
expansion transfer
reversal
equivocal
expansion EX
epithelium
skin over nipple to all skin
nausea
from seas sickness to all sickness
reversal EX
values meant bow legged not knock kneed
RAM of
nominal form nouns
vas deferens
vessel of bearing, carrying away vessel
seminal vesicle
little bladder
prostate
to stand before
glans penis
acorn of the penis
dissection
hellenistic period in 330s
herophilus and erasistratus did human dissections (on criminals)
hellenistic period
Alexander the Great died 323
greek culture thrives in Alexandria
1st libraries
herophilus
in hellenistic period,
discovered and named structures
distinguished veins and arteries and nerves and pulses
static
erasistratus
focused on brain and heart
valves to prevent reflux
more dynamic, body as living and functioning organism
place of suffixes
nominal nouns
arium, orium
ary ory
ble, bule, bula, bulum
person/thing doing
-ant, ent
iant, int
-or
ovary
place of the eggs
fallopian tube
named after person fallopia
fundus
bottom
furthest removed from vaginal exit
fimbriae
fringes at Fallopian tubes
infundibulum
a place for pouring in - funnel
endometrium
inner wall of uterus
Soranus of Ephesus
modern turkey, 2nd c. AD
trained everywhere (alexandria , Rome) known for gynecology
wrote of childbirth, and compassionate treatment
wrote 3 books
described ideal midwife
how to determine if infant is worth rearing
rejected wandering womb theory
soranus
from Ephesus of turkey
2nd c. AD
gynecologist
writer
thorax
thorax, thoracis
chest
precuts, pectoris
back
dorsum, -i
dorsum, -i
back
abdomen
abdomen, abdominis
groin
inguen, inguinis
inguen, inguinis
groin
limb
membrum
membrum
limb
armpit
axilla, axilllae
axilla
armpit
brachium, brachii
arm
arm
brachium, brachii
cubitus
elbow
elbow
cubitus
forearm
antebrachium
wrist
carpus
carpus
wrist
palm
palma, vola
vola, palma
palm
thumb
pollex
pollex
thumb
nates, natis
buttocks
clunis, clunes
buttocks
buttocks
clones, nates
hip
coxa
coxa
hip
thigh
femur, femoris
femur, femoris
thigh
knee
genu
genu
knee
posterior knee
poples, poplitis
poples, poplitis
posterior knee
leg
crus, cruris
crus, cruris
leg
calf
sura,
sura
calf
ankle
tarsus
tarsus
ankle
heel
calx, calcis
calx, calcis
heel
sole
planta
planta
sole
big toe
hallux, hallex, hallucis
venae dorsi colli
veins of the back of the neck
digiti pedis
toes of the foot
partes genus
parts of the knee
vasa atrium capitis
vessels of the ears of the head
ora venarum menti
mouths of the veins of the chin
venae buccae faciei
veins of the cheek of the face
nervi natium
nerves of the buttocks
cavitates corporis
cavities of the body
where are adjectives
usually after the noun they modify
types of adjectives
1/2nd declension (3 dictionary entries) 3rd d = 2 dict. entries
armadillo
little armed man
verbal suffixes
-ate = to make, act of
-esce = to begin, become/grow
-fy = to make, cause to be
-ize = to make, cause to be
molecule
little mass
larynx
throat
pharynx
gullet
esophagus
to carry and eat from
palatum
palate of mouth = sky
frenulum linguae
little bridle of the tongue
ovid’s story
the metamorphoses
1/2 declension adjectives - singular endings
NOM
M -us
Fem - a
Neut -um
GEN MFN -i, -ae, -i
1/2 declension adjectives - plural
NOM MFN = -I, -ae, -a
GEN MFN = orum, arum, orum
1/2 declension adjectives - NOM SING
MFN = -us, a, -um
1/2 declension adjectives - GEN SING
-I, -ae, -i
1/2 declension adjectives - PLURAL NOM
MFN = -I, ae, -a
1/2 declension adjectives - GEN PLURAL
MFN = orum, arum, orum
adjective EXCEPTION
masc. NOM singular for -er endings instead of -us
dictionary entry for adjectives
1/2 declension ALL NOM SING, masc. fem, neuter
Os (nom sing neut) long___
longUM
carpus (NSM) extern___
externUS
genu (NSN) valg___
valgum
collum calcis (GSF) ver___
verae
nervus (NSM) dext___
dextER
nervus manus (GSF) extern___
externae
Which noun does adjective ‘interni’ modify in ‘Musculus brachii interni’?
brachii
Which noun does the adjective ‘internae’ modify in ‘Ossa manus internae’?
manus
Which noun does the adjective ‘dexter’ modify in ‘Digitus pedis dexter’?
digitus
3rd dec. adjectives
3 types
3, 2, and 1 termination
declined as I-stems
termination
for each or for all the genders
noun into nominative forms of adjectives
3rd dec. -Aris and -alis translate to al and -ar
3rd declension dictionary entries
2 entries: NOM sing MF & neuter
venae (NFP) proximal__
proximalES
3rd
Os (NSN) ventral__
ventrale
brachium (NSN) brev__
breve
muscle stratum (GPF) distal__
distalium
caveats organi (GSN) superficial__
superficialis
which noun does proximal modify in - muscle brachii proximales
musculi
Which noun does ‘proximale’ modify in ‘Vas brachiorum proximale’?
vas
NSN
Which noun does ‘proximales’ modify in ‘Arteriae membri proximales’?
arteriae
NOM plural
Which noun does ‘proximalis’ modify in ‘Ossa faciei proximalis’?
faciei
3rd dec. adjectives SINGULAR endings
Nom
is, e
Gen: is, is
3rd dec. plural adjectives endings
Nom: es, ia
Gen: ium, ium
metamorphoses
cadmus is sent on new journey
encounters and kills snake/dragon
earth-born warriors arise - 1 echoin
cadmus grandson g actaeon transformed into stag, hunted by his dogs
transformed by nymph who he watched bath
nymph echo sees narcissus and falls in love
Juno punished echo
narcissus sees himself and falls in love
heart broken, into flower
ovid
was exiled by Augustus
narc
to numb
