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intro to health careers > med term chp. 13 > Flashcards

med term chp. 13 Flashcards

1
Q

albumin

A

blood protein that maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

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2
Q

antibody

A

immunoglobulin produced by lymphocytes to combat specific antigens

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3
Q

antigen

A

forgein substance that stimulates the production of an antibody

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4
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

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5
Q

bilirubin

A

orange yellow pignment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin

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6
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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7
Q

differentiation

A

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures

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8
Q

electrophoresis

A

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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9
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

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10
Q

erythrocyte

A

rbc

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11
Q

erytrhoprotein

A

hormone secreted by kidneys that stimulate rbc formation

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12
Q

fibrin

A

protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot

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13
Q

fibrinogen

A

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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14
Q

globulins

A

plamas proteins; ex.: alpha, beta, gamma

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15
Q

granulocyte

A

wbc w/ numberous dark staining granules; neutrophil, basophil, and eosinophil

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16
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron

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17
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction or breakdown of blood

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18
Q

immune reaction

A

response of immune system to foreign invasion

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19
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of the blood

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20
Q

macrophage

A

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; a phagocyte

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21
Q

lymphocyte

A

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

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22
Q

herapin

A

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

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23
Q

hematopoietic stem cell

A

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms; found in bone marrow

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24
Q

immunoglobulin

A

protein with antibody activity; ex.: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE

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25
Q

neutrophil

A

wbc contianing granules and formed in bone marrow

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26
Q

plasmapheresis

A

removal of plasma from the withdrawn blood by centrifuge

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27
Q

platelet (thrombocyte)

A

small blood granment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

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28
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature rbc

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29
Q

serum

A

plasma minus clottting proteins and cells

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30
Q

anticoagulant

A

substance that stops blood clotting

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31
Q

coagulophathy

A

disorder or disease of clottting

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32
Q

cytology

A

study of cells

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33
Q

erytrhrocytopenia

A

deficiency of rbc

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34
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of rbc in volume of blood

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35
Q

hemoglobinopahty

A

disorder marked by abnormality in hemoglobin

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36
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction or breakdown of blood (rbc)

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37
Q

hypochromic

A

pertaining to a deficiency in color (rbc)

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38
Q

leukocytoPENIA

A

deficiency of wbc

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39
Q

myeloBLAST

A

immature bone marrow cell

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40
Q

MORPHology

A

study of shape (of cells)

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41
Q

neutroPENIA

A

deficiency of neutrophils

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42
Q

MYELOdysplasia

A

abnormal formation of bone marrow

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43
Q

MONOcyte

A

wbc with one large nucleus

44
Q

PHAGOcyte

A

cell that eats or swallows bacteria and debris

45
Q

SIDEROpenia

A

deficiency of iron

46
Q

THROMBOCYTOpenia

A

deficiency of platelets

47
Q

POLYMORPHOnuclear

A

pertaining to a wbc with multilobed (shaped) nucleus

48
Q

erythroblast

A

immature rbc

49
Q

leukapheresis

A

wbc are serpated from other parts of the blood

50
Q

marcocytosis

A

abnormal condition of large rbc

51
Q

microcytosis

A

abnormal condition of small rbc

52
Q

monoblast

A

immature wbc

53
Q

plasmapheresis

A

plasma is sperarated from other parts of the blood

54
Q

plateletpheresis

A

clotting cells are separated from other parts of the blood

55
Q

poikilocytosis

A

abnormal condition of rbc that are irrgularly shaped

56
Q

spherocytosis

A

abnormal condition of rounded rbc

57
Q

immunoGLOBULIN

A

antibody containing protein in blood

58
Q

thromboLYTIC therapy

A

therapy mused to dissolve (breakdown) clots

59
Q

myelOID

A

resembling bone marrow cells

60
Q

granuloCYTOPENIA/ granuloPENIA

A

deficiency of granulocytes

61
Q

meutroPHILIA

A

increase in numbers of neutrophils

62
Q

thrombOSIS

A

abnormal condition of clotting

63
Q

hematoPOIESIS

A

formation of blood

64
Q

panCYTOPENIA/ panPENIA

A

deficiency of all types of blood cells

65
Q

myeloPOIESIS

A

formation of bone marrrow cells

66
Q

hemoSTASIS

A

stopping or controlling the flow of blood

67
Q

aplastic anermia

A

fialure of blood cell production due absence of formation of bone marrow cells

68
Q

hemocromatosis

A

excess iron deposits throughout the body

69
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

70
Q

hemophilia

A

excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factor VIII or favotr X necessary for blood bclottin

71
Q

monoculceosis

A

infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymp nodes

72
Q

pernicious anemia

A

lack of mature erytrhocytes caused by inablitity to absorb vitamin B12 into the body

73
Q

polychythemia vera

A

gernal increase in rbc (erythremia)

74
Q

purpura

A

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skkin

75
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

hereditary condition characterized by abnormal cresent shape of the rbc and by hemolysis

76
Q

thhalassemia

A

inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background

77
Q

chronic lymphoid leukimia (CLL)

A

abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow, lympth nodes, and spleen

78
Q

acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

A

immature tranulocytes are predominate in the bone marrow

79
Q

chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)

A

both mature and immature tranulocytes are present in the bone marrow and bloodstream

80
Q

acute lymphoid leykemia (ALL)

A

immature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow and lymph nodes

81
Q

dyscrasia

A

any disease of the blood or bone marrow

82
Q

ecchymoses

A

large blue or purplish patches on the skin (bruises)

83
Q

eosinophilia

A

increase in numbers of granulocytes associated with allergic conditions

84
Q

Epstein-Barr virus

A

causative agent in mononucleosis

85
Q

iron deficiency anemia

A

sideropenia is the cause of this condition

86
Q

multiple myeloma

A

malignant meoplams of bone marrow

87
Q

palliative

A

relieving, but not curing disease

88
Q

petechiae

A

tiny purple or red flat spots on the skin as a result of hemorrhages

89
Q

relapse

A

disease symptoms and signs reappear

90
Q

remission

A

disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease

91
Q

antiglobulin test

A

test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes

92
Q

bleeding time

A

time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound

93
Q

coagulation time

A

time required for nevous blood to clot in a test tube

94
Q

compelte blood count

A

determination of number of blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and other rbc values

95
Q

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A

speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

96
Q

hemoglobin test

A

total amount of hemoglobin in a smaple of peripheral blood

97
Q

platelet count

A

number of thrombocytes per cubic milimeter or microliter of blood

98
Q

rbc count

A

number of erythrocytes per cubic milimeter or microliter of blood

99
Q

rbc morphology

A

microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine shape of rbcs

100
Q

apheresis

A

separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood

101
Q

blood transfusion

A

whole blood or cells are taken from donor and infused into a patient

102
Q

bone marrow biopsy

A

microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow reoved with a needle

103
Q

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

A

peripheral stem cells from a donor are administered into a recipient

104
Q

prothrombin time

A

test of the ability of blood to clot

105
Q

wbc count

A

number of leukocytes per cubic milimeter of blood

106
Q

wbc differntial

A

percentages of the difference types of leukocytes in the blood

intro to health careers (8 decks)

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