chp.12 medical terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Adenoids
A
Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
2
Q
Aveolus
A
Air sac in the lung
3
Q
Apex of the lung
A
Tip or uppermost portion of the lung
4
Q
Base of the lung
A
Lower portion of the lung
5
Q
Bronchioles
A
Small branches of the tubes leading into the lungs
6
Q
Bronchi
A
Branches of the trachea leading into the lungs
7
Q
Cilia
A
Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the restitory tract
8
Q
Diaphragm
A
Muscle separating the chest and abdomen
9
Q
Epiglottis
A
Lid-like piece of cartilage covering the larynx
10
Q
Expiration/ exhalation
A
Breathing out
11
Q
glottis
A
slit-like opening to the voice box
12
Q
hilum of the lung
A
midline of the region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs
13
Q
inspiration/inhalation
A
breathing in
14
Q
larynx
A
voice box
15
Q
lobe of the lung
A
division of the lung
16
Q
mediastinum
A
region between the lungs in the thoracic cavity
17
Q
nares
A
openings through the nose carrying air into the air passageways
18
Q
palatine tonsil
A
one of a pair of masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
19
Q
paranasal sinus
A
one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
20
Q
pharynx
A
throat
21
Q
carbon dioxide
A
gas that is exhaled through the lungs
22
Q
oxygen
A
gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and the travels to all the body cells
23
Q
parietal pleura
A
outer fold of membrane surround each lung and lying closest to the ribs
24
Q
pleural cavity
A
space between the double-folded membrane surrounding each lung
25
pulmonary parenchyma
essential parts of the lung responsible for respiration
26
respiration
process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing
27
trachea
windpipe
28
visceral pleura
inner flod of the membrane surrounding each lung and closest to the lung tisssue
29
ADENOID-ECTOMY
removal of the adenoids
30
ADENOID HYPER-TROPHY
increased development of adenoids: adenoid hyper
31
ALVEOL-AR
pertaining to an air sac
32
BRONCHO-SPASM
tightening (involuntary contraction of muscles) of a bronchus
33
BRONCHI-ECTASIS
dilation of a bronchial tube
34
BRONCHIOL-ITIS
inflammation of small bronchi
35
HYPER-CAPN-IA
high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood
36
PNEUMO-CONI-OSIS
abnormal condition of dust in the lungs
37
EPIGLOTT-ITIS
inflammation of the piece of cartilage over the trachea
38
BRONCHO-PLEUR-AL fitsula
an abnormal connection between a bronchial tube and the pleural cavity
39
CYAN-OSIS
bluish discoloration of the skin
40
LARYNG-EAL
pertaining to the voice box
41
LARYNG-ITIS
inflammation of the voice box
42
LARYNGO-SPASM
involuntary contraction of the muscles in the voice box
43
LOB-ECTOMY
removal of the lobe of the lung
44
MEDIASTINO-SCOPY
visual examination of the central area of the chest
45
PARA-NAS-AL sinuses
cavities within the skull near the nose
46
ORTHO-PNEA
breathing is easier in an upright position
47
EX-PECTOR-ation
process of expelling sputum from the chest
48
OX-IA
condition of decreased oxygen
49
PHARYNG-EAL
pertaining to the throat
50
dys-PHON-IA
hoarseness (abnormal sound) of the voice
51
PHREN-ic nerve
nerve that sends messages to the diaphragm
52
PLEUR-AL effusion
collection of fluid in the space surrounding the lungs
53
pleuro-DYNIA
pain associated with the shest muscles
54
PNEUMO-thorax
accumulation of air in the chest
55
PNEUMON-ECTOMY
removal of a lung
56
PULMON-ARY
pertaining to the lungs
57
RHINO-PLASTY
surgical repair of the nose
58
RHINO-RRHEA
discharge from the nose
59
em-PY-EMA
collection of pus in the pleural cavity
60
RE-SPIR-ation
rhythmic changes in breathing: Cheyne-Stokes
61
SINUS-ITIS
inflammation of cavities in the skill
62
SPIRO-METER
instrument to measure breathing
63
TEL-ECTASIS
condition of collapsed lung
64
THORAC-IC
pretaining to the chest
65
THORACO-TOMY
incision of the chest
66
TONSILL-ECTOMOY
removal of the tonsils
67
TRACH-eal STEN-osis
narrowing of the windpipe
68
TRACHE-o-TOMY
incision of the windpipe
69
A-PNEA
not breathing
70
AN-OSMIA
no sense of smell
71
A-SPHYXIA
lack of pulse
72
DYS-PNEA
abnormal breathing (shortness of breath)
73
HEMO-PTYSIS
spitting up blood
74
HYPER-PNEA
increase in depth of breathing
75
THORAX
blood in the chest (pleural space): hemo
76
PYO-THORAX
pus in the chest (pleural space)
77
TACHY-PNEA
excessive or rapid breathing
78
ausculation
listening to sounds within the body
79
percussion
tapping on a surface to determine the difference in density of the underlying structure
80
pleural rub
scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces roughened by inflammation rubbing against each other
81
rales
fine crackling sound heard on ausculation during inhalation
82
rhonchi
loud, rumbling sound heard on ausculation, over bronchi obstructed by sputum
83
sputum
material expelled from the lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting
84
stridor
strained, high-pitched sound made on inspiration; caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx
85
wheezes
continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing
86
asthma
chronic inflammatory disorder of bronchi with airway obstruction, bronchial edema, constriction, and increased mucus production
87
atelectasis
collapsed lung
88
bronchiectasis
chronic dilation of the bronchus secondary to infection in the bronchial tree
89
chronic bronchitis
inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long period of time; type of COPD
90
croup
acute viral infection of infants and children with LARYNG-EAL obstruction and stridor
91
cystic fibrosis
inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick, mucous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally
92
diptheria
acute infection (membrane forms) of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by *Corynebacterium*
93
emphysema
hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
94
epistaxis
nosebleed
95
pertussis
whooping cough: highly infectious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea marked by spasms of coughing
96
lung cancer
malignant tumor arising from the lungs caused by bacilli (mycobacteria)
97
mesothelioma
rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura
98
pleural effusion
abnormal accumulation of fluid the pleural space
99
pleurisy
inflammation of pleura
100
pneumoconiosis
dust in the lungs; chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis
101
pulmonary fibrosis
formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs
102
sarcoidosis
chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes and other organs
103
pneumonia
acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or inflammatory products
104
pulmonary abscess
large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs
105
pulmonary edema
collection of fluid in air sacs and bronchioles
106
pulmonary embolism
clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung
107
tuberculosis
infectious disease of the lungs caused by bacili (mycobacteria)
108
anthracosis
coal dust accumulation in the lungs
109
asbestosis
asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs
110
bacilli
rod-shaped bacteria
111
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
chronic bronchitis and emphysema are examples
112
palliative
relieving, but not curing symptoms
113
paroxysmal
pertaining to a sudden occurrence
114
pneumothorax
collection of air in the pleural space
115
cor pulmonale
failure of the right side of the heart to pump sufficient amount of blood to the lungs
116
exudate
fluid and other substances that filter from cells or capillaries oozes into lesions or areas of inflammation
117
hydrothorax
collection of fluid in the pleural space
118
infiltrate
collection of fluid or other material within the lung, as seen on x-ray or other radiologic evaluation
119
pulmonary infarction
necrotic dead tissue in the lung
120
purulent
containing pus
121
silicosis
glass dust in the lungs
122
ABGs
material blood gases
123
ARDS
acute respitory distress syndrome
124
BAL
bronchoalveolar lavage
125
Bronch
bronchoscopy
126
CF
cystic fibrosis
127
CO2
carbon dioxide
128
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
129
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
130
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitaiton
131
C&S
culture and sensitivity testing (of the sputum)
132
BAL: explanation
fluid is injected and withdrawn from the bronchial tubes
133
C&S: explanation
growing and testing contents of sputum for bacterial analysis
134
CF: explanation
hereditary disease that causes accumulation of mucus in the respiratory tract
135
ABGs: explanation
gases are measured in the blood
136
CPR: explanation
airway is opened; breathing is restored; circulation restored by external cardiac compression
137
COPD: explanation
chronic bronchitis and emphysema are examples
138
Bronch: explanation
visual examination of the bronchi
139
ARDs: explanation
group of signs and symptoms of respiratory failure
140
FVC: explanation
gas that is expelled in expiration
141
CPAP: explanation
mask and machine help to avoid obstructive sleep apnea
142
CXR
chest x-ray (film)
143
CTPA
comupted tomography pulmonary angiogram
144
DOE
dyspnea on exertion
145
DPT
diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
146
FVC
forced vital capacity
147
ICU
intensive care unit
