Mechanisms of Evolution

Question 1

what are the mechanisms of evolution?

Answer 1

natural selection
mutation
gene flow or migration
drift

Question 2

where does drift operate?

Answer 2

small populations

Question 3

what does natural selection reduce?

Answer 3

variation

Question 4

where does variation usually come from?

Answer 4

mutations

Question 5

which takes more time and effort
sexual or asexual reproduction

Answer 5

sexual reproduction

Question 6

which makes more variation
sexual or asexual reproduction

Answer 6

sexual reproduction

Question 7

the value of a trait

Answer 7

trait value

Question 8

how a population changes over time

Answer 8

evolution

Question 9

evolution is after what?

Answer 9

reproduction

Question 10

evolution can not happen without what?

Answer 10

heritability

Question 11

model that show what would happen if things weren’t evolving
[null theory]

Answer 11

Hardy-Weinberg

Question 12

what were the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg model

Answer 12

– No NS on the trait in question
– Random mating
– No mutation
– No migration
– Pop is infinite size

Question 13

Hardy-Weinberg Model conclusions

Answer 13

1. Allele frequencies do not change over
   time.
2. Given allele frequencies, we can predict
   genotype frequencies, if no evolution
   occurring.

Question 14

Homozygote alleles means what?

Answer 14

alot of inbreeding

Question 15

Heterozygote alleles means what?

Answer 15

alot of outbreeding

Question 16

when a large diverse population becomes small and then back to a large non-diverse population

Answer 16

bottleneck effect

Question 17

genetic simplification

Answer 17

bottleneck

Question 18

what drift is seen in

Answer 18

bottleneck effect and foundering effect

Question 19

what happens to diversity because of drift?

Answer 19

It decreases

Question 20

what are the type of selections

Answer 20

directional
stabilizing
disruptive
frequency dependent

Question 21

trait goes in one direction

Answer 21

directional selection

Question 22

keeping a trait where it is

Answer 22

stabilizing selection

Question 23

average is what selection is against

Answer 23

disruptive selection

Question 24

having an advantage when rare

Answer 24

frequency dependent

Question 25

what causes a generation to change?

Answer 25

selection