Mechanical ventilation handout Flashcards
What is mechanical ventilation
Treatment for patients with respiratory failure ( or imminent failure) from inadequate oxygenation, ventilation or both
What is the 50/50 rule
If PaO2 falls below 50 mmHg and PaCO2 RISES ABOVE 50…. VENTILATE
What are setting ranges on a mechanical ventilator
Respiratory rate 8-22
FIO2- room air is 21%
What are the 2 types of ventilators
Volume control
Pressure control
What is volume control
TV= preset volume of oxygen and air
What is pressure control
A alternative to volume control
Inspiration ends when the preset pressure is reached regardless of the column delivered
It allows the volume to change in response to intrathoracic pressure
IT BASICALLY HAS PRESET PRESSURES
Pressure control ventilators pose less a risk for what
It decreases the risk of pressure related injury called barotrauma
What is a risk of barotrauma
Because the highest level of positive pressure is in the chest, if the patient is anxious, it may frequently trigger the ventilation setting resulting in hyperventilation
What is SIMV
More common
Not all spontaneous breaths are assisted leaving the patient to draw some breaths on there own
If a patient is on SIMV with a RR of 10, how often will they recieve a breath
About once every 6 seconds
They can breathe on there own between machine assisted breaths
What is SIMV used for
It helps preserve the strength of respiratory muscles, decreases the risk of hyperventilation and barotrauma, facilitates weaning. Often for patients who need short term ventilation
What does PEEP do
It increase oxygenation in AC or SIMV modes
What is pressure support
It provides a small amount of pressure during inspiration to help patient draw in a spontaneous breath. Makes it easier for patient to overcome the resistance of the ETT and used during weaning bc it reduces the WOB
What does the HIGH PRESSURE ALARM INDICATE
Increased pressure in ventilation circuit
Parity t lying on tubing, kinks, coughing, sneezing, pt needs suctioned
What are indications of low pressure alarms
Decreased pressure in ventilator circuit
Disconnect in system, loose tubing
