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4th Semester > Burns Exam 3 > Flashcards

Burns Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the skin

A
  1. Contain body fluids
  2. Maintain elasticity
  3. Physical appearance
  4. Identity
  5. Sense organ
  6. Barrier against infection
  7. Maintain body temp
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2
Q

As far as anatomy is concerned, what is the epidermis of the skin

A

Outer proof waterproof layer

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3
Q

What is the dermis of the skin

A

Elasticity, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nerve fibers for pain, temperature, touch, pressure

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4
Q

What is the subcutaneous layer of the skin

A

Connective tissue and fat

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5
Q

What is a superficial partial burn

A

AKA FIRST DEGREE BURN

reddened dry, painful area

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6
Q

What is a example of a superficial partial burn

A

Sunburn

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7
Q

What is a partial thickness burn

A

AKA SECOND DEGREE BURN
Blistering, skin may slough off, moist and weepy, very painful
Red under blisters
( pale areas are deeper partial thickness and may convert to full thickness)

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8
Q

What is a full thickness burn

A

AKA THIRD DEGREE BURN
Dry and non elastic
Color may be white, tan, cherry red or charred.
Little or no pain or sensation to burned area

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9
Q

How is severity of a burn determined

A

Depth of burn

% of body surface area burned

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10
Q

What is the burn size estimate

A

Victims palm is 1% BSA

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11
Q

What is the fluid of choice for burn patients

A

LR bc it mimics normal intravascular fluid

It treats hypovolemia and intracellular Na deficits

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12
Q

For fluid resuscitation, how much LR should a Child 5 years and younger receive

A

125 ml/HR

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13
Q

For fluid resuscitation, how much fluid should a child 6-13 yrs of age receive

A

250 ml/HR

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14
Q

For fluid resuscitation, how much fluid should a person 14 yrs and older receive

A

500 ml/ HR

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15
Q

What is considered the first survey of a burn patient

A

Provide fluid resuscitation

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16
Q

What is considered secondary survey of a burn patient

A

Obtain weight and closely estimate BSA

17
Q

What is a thermal burn

A

Flame, flash, scold, contact

18
Q

What is the leading cause of burns in children

A

Scalds ( thermal burn)

19
Q

What are the ABCs of a thermal burn

A

Stop the burning process

Cool the burn never use ice

20
Q

What is a complication of electrical burns

A

Immediate fatal arrhythmias ( v fib, or systole)
May be at a higher risk for arrhythmias later
Assess for other trauma ( C- spine, fractures)
Assess for compartment syndrome - fasciotomy may need to be done to release pressure

21
Q

What is myoglobinuria

A

Damaged muscle that release myoglobin

It precipitates in the kidneys resulting in kidney failure

22
Q

What color is the urine of a patient with myoglobinuria

A

Port wine colored urine

23
Q

What is a target UO of a person with myoglobinuria

A

75-100 cc HR

24
Q

What type of blood products does west pen give to large burn BSA patients

A

FFP

25
Q

What type of dressing is preferred for a burn patient

A

Dry dressing are preferred but, less than 10% TBSA can use a wet dressing, no ointments

26
Q

What are commonly used topicals of a burn patient

A

Silver sulfadiazine
Sulfamylon
Enzymes ( accuzyme)
Bacitracin, neomycin

27
Q

What is the therapuetic use of sliver sulfadiazine

A 
Does not penetrate eschar
May cause leukopenia 
Wide spectrum
Minimal pain
Low toxicity
Contraindicated with sulfa injury
28
Q

What is sulfamylon

A 
Penetrates eschar 
Can be painful
Wide spectrum
Used on ears, nose, (cartilage)
Contraindicated with sulfa allergy 
Can cause metabolic acidosis
29
Q

What are enzymes ( accuzyme)

A

Made from papaya fruit,
Disolves eschar
Well tolerated, may burn for first 5 minutes, harmless to healed intact tissue

30
Q

What is bacitracin, neomycin

A

Does not penetrate eschar
May be used on face
Low toxicity
Used on skin grafts until healed

31
Q

What are pressure garments

A

Constant pressure to keep scar flat
Worn 23 out of 24 hours a day
Worn for 18-24 months
Very warm to wear

32
Q

What should a burn patient use for itching

A

They must never scratch

Give the anti histamine (Zyrtec)

33
Q

Loss of plasma in a burn patient is greatest when

A

4-6 hours after the burn injury

4th Semester (18 decks)

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