Mechanical Injuries

Question 1

Forensic ballistics definition

Answer 1

It is a science dealing with investigation🔎 of firearms and the problems arising from their use

Question 2

Proximal or internal ballistics

Answer 2

Suty of firearms and their “Projectiles “

Question 3

Intermediate or exterior ballistics

Answer 3

Study of motion of projectile after it leaves the 🔫gun barrel,
- till it hits the target🎯

Question 4

Terminal ballistics

Answer 4

Study of behavior of missiles once they reach or penetrate the 🎯

Wound ballistics : study of effects of missiles on living tissue

Question 5

A/c to condition of Barrel firearms are divided into :

Answer 5

1) Rifled weapons
- single shot target practice pistols
- rifles
- revolver
- automatic pistols
- machine guns
2) smooth bored weapons / short guns
- cylinder bore, -choke bore
-paradox, -breech loader,
-muzzle loader, -country made

Question 6

A/c to barrel condition:
# Rifled weapons types 3

Answer 6

1) air & gas operated rifles
2) 0.22 rifles
3) military & sporting rifles

Question 7

A/c to firing action 4 types

Answer 7

1) over bolt action
2) under bolt action
3) lever action
4) pump action

Question 8

A/c to barrel length 2 types

Answer 8

1) side arm or hand arm
Guns with “ short barrel “
Ex: revolvers, pistols

2) shoulder arms
Guns with long barrel
Ex : rifles

Question 9

Rifles firearms are divided by velocity as

Answer 9

1) low velocity upto 360m/s
2) medium vel - 360 to 760m/s
3) high vel - 760 to 1260
4) very high vel - >1260

Question 10

Grooves of rifles are called ________

They vary in 4 ie,
Turning , angle of groove is called?

Answer 10

Grooves are called RIFLING,

vary in number,direction,depth,width

Turning of groove is TWIST
Angle of turning is PITCH

Question 11

Spirals in bore of Rifles gives 4

Answer 11

1) gives spin to bullet
2) greater power of penetration
3) gives straight course
4) prevent it from unsteady movement

Question 12

Caliber or guage

Answer 12

It is measured by internal dimension of the barrel
-given in decimal scale by inch Or mm

Question 13

Helixometer

Answer 13

Instrument to examine the interior of barrel

Question 14

Choking in short gun helps to

Answer 14

1) ⬇️ rate of spread of shot after it leaves the muzzle
2) ⬆️explosive force
3) ⬆️velocity

Question 15

Paradox guns

Answer 15

Short guns having small portion of bore near the muzzle end rifled

Question 16

Musket features
Ex : 0.410 musket

Answer 16

• military shoulder arm
• it has long forestock,
• usually takes a “Bayonet” (pointed knife like weapon🔪) at muzzle
• it is a smooth bore weapon
  Ex: 0.410 musket fires single shot with high velocity upto 90 m

Question 17

Bullets or projectiles or missiles
Made of
Bullets used in revolver, pistol &rifles

Answer 17

Made of soft metals ie lead with varying amounts of antimony added to provide hardness
- revolver, pistol - short bullet point usually round
- rifles elongated bullet with pointed end

Question 18

Variations of bullets are of 2 types

Answer 18

1) square nosed, soft metal bullet or WAD CUTTER, used for target shooting
2) hollow point variety has depression in the nose of soft metal
- bullet is designed to expand or mushroom upon impact
- produce serous wound s

Question 19

Full metal jacket bullets

Answer 19

Tough heavy jacket covers all except base where soft metal exposed
- tough made of steel Cu Ni Zn

Question 20

Semi -jacketed bullets

Answer 20

Relatively thin but tough jacket which covers base &cylindrical portion of bullet leaving nose exposed

Question 21

Dum dum bullet

Answer 21

It is a type of bullet which fragments extensively upon striking
They are not in use

Question 22

Frangible bullet s

Answer 22

Completely disintegrate
- they are made of Iron which fragments on impact

Question 23

Explosive or incendiary bullet

Answer 23

Contains phosphorus it catches fire on hitting to target
They are banned
If they are present in body ultrasound microwave diagnostic technique are avoided becoz bullet can detonate

Question 24

Tracer bullet

Answer 24

Leaves a visible mark or trace while in flight
Gunner can observe strike of shock

Question 25

Plastic bullet or baton round

Answer 25

It is a solid cylinder of PVC, 38mm diameter, 10cm long
-fired from smooth bore weapon effective upto 50cm they are used for roit ontrol
Should not be fired on person under 20m range causes bruises, pain

Question 26

Fire arm definition

Answer 26

It is a weapon that discharges a missile by force of gases produced by buring of explosive

Question 27

Yawning🥱 tumbling bullets
These are atypical “entrance wounds”

Answer 27

The gyroscopic effect of bullet diminishes as it reaches end of its fight until it begins to wobble then tumble
#Yawning -bullet travelling in irregular fashion instead of travelling nose on
#tumbling- bullet that rotates end on end during it’s motion

Question 28

Injury

Answer 28

An injury is any harm, illegally caused to any person in body, mind,property
Or
Medically : break of natural continuity of any tissue of living body

Question 29

Classification of injuries
1) medical

Answer 29

1) Mechanical
2) Thermal
3) Chemical
4) Explosion💣💥
5) Miscellaneous ie, electricity, xray

Question 30

Brush burn or gravel rash

Answer 30

Abrasion caused by violent rubbing of skin against broad rough surface, as in Dragging over ground
#scraping injury over large area
# cause : If victim is struck glancing blow with rough object ie,stone stick