Infant Deaths, Artefacts, Stains

Question 1

What is caput succed-an-eum?

Answer 1

Area of soft swelling forms in the scalp, over presenting part ,of head in vertex presentation
-localised oedema, congestion due to interfere with venous return produced by pressure of rigid cervical ring

Question 2

Caput succed-an-eum
Thickness
Symmetrical or asymmetrical
With breech presentation where swellings occur
When swelling r diminished?

Answer 2

1) 3-4times than it’s normal thickness
2) mostly asymmetrical over head in parietal region
3) swelling seen on buttocks scrotum
4) swelling disappear in 2-4 days

Question 3

Still birth

Answer 3

Child which born after 28 weeks of pregnancy ,which did not breath or show any signs of life
-at any tym after being completely born ;child was alive in uterus but dies during process of birth

Question 4

Causes of still birth

Answer 4

Prematurity, intracranial hemorrhage,
Anoxia , birth trauma , excess moulding, erythroblastosis fetalis, toxaemias of pregnancy, many congenital defects,

Question 5

Mummification

Answer 5

Occur when foetus dies from :
deficient supply of blood
When liquor amnii scanty
When no air enters uteru

Question 6

Viability of infant

Answer 6

Physical ability of foetus to lead a seperate existence after birth apart from its mother
Child viable after 210 days of IUL
In some cases 180 days of IUL

Question 7

Dead bron (or) dead birth

Answer 7

Child is one which has died in utero and shows following signs after it is completely born
1) rigor mortis at delivery
2) maceration
3) mummification

Question 8

Maceration

Answer 8

• Process of aseptic autolysis
• Occur when dead child remains in uterus for 3-4 days
• Surrounded with liquor amnii but no air, if air enters putrefaction starts instead of autolysis ( maceration)

Question 9

Signs of live birth

Signs we examine during autopsy are:

Answer 9

1) shape of chest
2) position of diaphragm
3) lungs
4) change in stomach, intestines
5) changes in middle ear
6) changes in child after birth

Question 10

Spalding’s sign

Answer 10

After death of foetus :
1) Loss of alignment
2)Overriding of bones of cranial vault occurs due to shrinkage of cerebrum
#Signs develop early : vertex > breech
#Detected within few days of death also take long tym ie,2-3weeks

Question 11

What is hydrostatic test

Answer 11

It is a lung float test
- autopsy procedure used in determining Whether lungs have undergone respiration

Question 12

Principle of hydrostatic test

Answer 12

Specific gravity of lungs
Before respiration : 1040 to 1050
After respiration : 940

Question 13

Battered baby syndrome or caffey syndrome or maltreatment syndrome

Answer 13

Battered child is one who received repetitive physical injuries as result of non accidental violence produced by parents or guardian
- in addition to physical injury, there may be non-accidental deprivation of Nutrition, Care , Affection🥰

Question 14

Cephalohematoma

Answer 14

Local accumulation of blood in deep scalp b/w periosteum & bone
- Hematoma limited to periosteal sheath of single bone ie, rt parietal bone but never crosses suture line

Question 15

Cephalohematoma
Occurance
Swelling increase during
Hematoma disapper within

Answer 15

Occurance - less than 1%
* Swelling - increase during 1st Or 2 days after birth
* disappears with in 15 days colour changes common with bruises

Question 16

Cot death or sudden infant death syndrome

Answer 16

Unexplained death of baby less than 1yr seems to be healthy
Causes : brain defect , respiratory infection, over heating during sleep , premature death