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English Language > Meanings and Representations > Flashcards

Meanings and Representations Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define graphology

A

The appearance of a text; ie layout, logos, type face, colour

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2
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define syntax

A

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language

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3
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Give an example of syntax

A

I have a cat, rather than have a cat I

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4
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define morphology

A

The study of words and their parts

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5
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define morphemes

A

Morphemes, like prefixes, suffixes and base words, are defined as the smallest meaningful unit of meaning

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6
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define phonology

A

The way a language sounds

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7
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define lexis

A

The words used in texts or spoken data, ie the types of word

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8
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Give an example of types of lexis

A

Compound, abbreviation, acronym

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9
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define semantics

A

The meanings of words or phrases in a language

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10
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define discourse structure

A

A way to describe how an entire text is organised

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11
Q

FRAMEWORKS

Define pragmatics

A

Context and how having some context can change the meaning of a language

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12
Q

FRAMEWORKS

What are the two parts of semantics?

A

Denotations and connotations

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13
Q

PRAGMATICS

Define embodied knoweledge

A

Knowledge associated with memories or physically visiting a place, varies from person to person

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14
Q

PRAGMATICS

Define schemas

A

A cognitive framework, constantly change or get added too

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15
Q

PRAGMATICS

Define co-text

A

Other words or phrases surrounding a word in a text

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16
Q

PRAGMATICS

Define deixis

A

Dietic words are words that are context bound. The meaning depends on who is using them, when they are using them and who is using them.

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17
Q

PRAGMATICS

What is personal deixis?

A

Names and personal pronouns

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18
Q

PRAGMATICS

What are the four types of spatial deixis?

A
  • Adverbs of place
  • Demonstratives showing location
  • Orientational words
  • Dietic verbs
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19
Q

PRAGMATICS

What are examples of adverbs of place?

A

Here, there

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20
Q

PRAGMATICS

Give examples of demonstratives showing location

A

This, that

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21
Q

PRAGMATICS

Give examples of orientational words

A

Left, right

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22
Q

PRAGMATICS

Give two examples of diectic verbs

A

Come, go

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23
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What is a proper noun?

A

Refer to specific people or places

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24
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give three examples of proper nouns

A

Paris, Venus, Andrew

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25
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a common noun

A

Types of places, people, and nouns in general

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26
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give the three types of common nouns

A
  • Concrete
  • Collect
  • Abstract
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27
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What is a concrete noun?

A

Things which exist physically

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28
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give examples of concrete nouns

A

Computer, dog, tree

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29
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a collect noun

A

Nouns which refer to groups of people or things

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30
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give examples of collect nouns

A

Audience, family

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31
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define an abstract noun

A

Things which don’t exist physically

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32
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give examples of abstract nouns

A

Happiness, despair, yellow

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33
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a mass noun

A

Something which cannot be counted

34
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give examples of mass nouns

A

Bread, pasta, sand

35
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define countable nouns

A

Nouns with a plural form

36
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a gerund noun

A

Verb ending in ‘ing’ but functions as a noun

37
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give an example of a gerund noun in a sentence

A

‘Smoking’ is dangerous

38
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What is a lexical field?

A

A field of just nouns

39
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a hypernym

A

A category

40
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a hyponym

A

Specific nouns

41
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give an example of hypernyms and hyponyms

A

Pets: dog, snake, rabbit

42
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a mononym

A

When someone is only referred to with one name

43
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give examples of some mononyms

A

Dumbledore, Renaldo, Adele

44
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Define a metonym

A

A name change/ nickname

45
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

Give examples of some metonyms

A

Arsenal - the gunners

46
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What are the four types of personal pronoun

A
  • I
  • You
  • She
  • They
47
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What are the four types of possessive pronoun

A
  • My
  • His
  • Own
  • Their
48
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What are the three types of reflexive pronouns

A
  • Myself
  • Himself
  • Themselves
49
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What are the four types of demonstrative pronouns

A
  • This
  • That
  • These
  • Those
50
Q

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

What are the three types of reflexive pronouns?

A
  • Who
  • Whom
  • Which
51
Q

ADJECTIVES

What do adjectives do?

A

Modify nouns

52
Q

ADJECTIVES

What is premodifacation?

A

When an adjective comes before the noun

53
Q

ADJECTIVES

What is postmodifacation?

A

When the adjective comes after the noun

54
Q

ADJECTIVES

Define a qualitative adjective

A

Gives more info about a noun or a pronouns in a way which can be graded further

55
Q

ADJECTIVES

Define a classifying adjective

A

Provides more information about a noun in a way that fixes it’s category or class

56
Q

ADJECTIVES

Define a comparative adjective

A

Compares two things

57
Q

ADJECTIVES

Define a superlative adjective

A

Compare more than two things

58
Q

ADJECTIVES

Define a demonstrative adjective

A

Shows where something is near or far

59
Q

ADJECTIVES

Define a possessive adjective

A

Shows who something belongs to

60
Q

VERBS

What is a verb?

A

Actions, occurrences, or states of being

61
Q

VERBS

What is an infinite verb?

A

The basic form of a verb

62
Q

VERBS

What is a finite verb?

A

Verbs in the non basic form

63
Q

VERBS

What is tense?

A

The verb in a sentence tells us when something happens. Linguists agree on past, present and potentially future tense.

64
Q

VERBS

What is simple past tense?

A

A completed action in a time before now

65
Q

VERBS

Define simple present tense

A

A tense to describe actions or events happening now

66
Q

VERBS

Define auxiliary verbs

A

Support verbs to convey future happenings, like will, want, and would

67
Q

CONTINUOUS and PERFECT ASPECTS

Define the continuous aspect

A

Actions that continue for a period of time

68
Q

CONTINUOUS and PERFECT ASPECTS

Define the perfect aspect

A

Actions that are completed

69
Q

CONTINUOUS and PERFECT ASPECTS

What is the past perfect continuous?

A

Something which was continued but is now completed

70
Q

CONTINUOUS and PERFECT ASPECTS

What is the present perfect continuous?

A

Something continued up to now

71
Q

CONTINUOUS and PERFECT ASPECTS

What is the future perfect continuous?

A

Something which is expected to end in the future

72
Q

MODALITY

What is modality?

A

The encoding of different degrees of subjective response in a text

73
Q

MODALITY

What are the six modal verbs?

A

Can, may, must, will, shall, should

74
Q

ACTIVE and PASSIVE

What is the active voice?

A

Subject, action, object

75
Q

ACTIVE and PASSIVE

What is the effect of active voice?

A

Creates a strong, direct and clear tone

76
Q

ACTIVE and PASSIVE

Define passive voice structure

A

Object, verb, subject

77
Q

SENTENCE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS

Define a minor sentence

A

Often miss a main verb or subject

78
Q

SENTENCE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS

Define a simple sentence

A

A sentence with an independent main clause which contains a subject and a verb

79
Q

SENTENCE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS

Define a compound sentence

A

Sentences with two or more independent main clauses which are joined by a conjunction or semi colon

80
Q

SENTENCE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS

Define a complex sentence

A

Sentences which consist of independent main clause plus a subordinate

English Language (9 decks)

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