Me 4.7a Motivation: Motivational Concepts

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

a need or desire that energises and directs behaviour.

Question 2

instinct

Answer 2

a complex behaviour that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.

Question 3

Human Motivation

Answer 3

Humans do not seem to demonstrate
instinctual behaviour or mental processes in the same way as other animals

Example: Human behaviour is more influenced by learning and environment; there also appears to be a more conscious force of motivation among humans

Question 4

physiological need

Answer 4

a basic bodily requirement.

Question 5

drive-reduction theory

Answer 5

the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state (a drive)
that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.

Question 6

homeostasis

Answer 6

a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level.

Question 7

incentives

Answer 7

a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behaviour.

Question 8

sensation seeking theory

Answer 8

individuals vary in their need for varied, novel, and intense experiences, and their willingness to take risks to achieve them

Question 8

disinhibition

Answer 8

a loss of self-control

Question 8

boredom susceptibility

Answer 8

the inability to tolerate monotony or repetition

Question 9

Yerkes-Dodson law

Answer 9

Moderate arousal leads to optimal performance

Question 10

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 10

We prioritise survival-based needs and then social needs more than the needs for esteem and meaning.

Question 11

Arousal Theory

Answer 11

People seek an optimal level of arousal

Example: Seeking excitement or relaxation depending on current arousal levels

Question 12

drive

Answer 12

an urgent, basic need that motivates behaviour, often stemming from physiological imbalances or tensions, like hunger or thirst