Me 4.3e Psychology of Social Situations: Altruism, Conflict and Peacemaking Flashcards
Altruism
selfless behaviour, often influenced by social norms
Example: Volunteering at a homeless shelter
The bystander effect
the tendency for individuals to be
less likely to help in an emergency when others are present
Diffusion of Responsibility
Belief that others will take action
Social Influence
Looking to others for cues on how to behave
Evaluation Apprehension
Fear of being judged for intervening
social exchange theory
The idea that social relationships are an exchange in which a participant tries to maximise benefits and minimise costs
Social Reciprocity Norm
Expectation to help others who have helped us
Social Responsibility Norm
Expectation to help those who depend on us
conflict
a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas.
social trap
a situation in which two parties, by each pursuing their self-interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in mutually destructive behaviour.
mirror-image perceptions
mutual views often held by conflicting parties, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive.
self-fulfilling prophecy
a belief that leads to its own fulfilment.
superordinate goals
shared goals that override differences
among people and require their cooperation.
Industrial-organisational (I/O) psychologists
study workplace behaviour
GRIT
Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction; a strategy designed to decrease international tensions.
