MD ORAL SURGERY Flashcards
1
Q
T or F:
questionable teeth should be extracted before radiation therapy
A
TRUE
to avoid ORN
2
Q
when getting head and neck radiation, what should be done before and after an extraction?
A
HYPERBARIC OXYGEN
3
Q
for pericoronitis treatment, what should be done first?
A
TREAT INFECTION
4
Q
MOST COMMON 3 TYPES OF IMPACTED TEETH?
A
- MAND THIRD
- MAX THIRD
- MAX CANINES
5
Q
primary reason for impacted teeth?
A
inadequate arch length
6
Q
3 MOST COMMON CONGENITALLY MISSING TEETH?
A
- THIRD MOLARS
- MAX LAT INCISORS
- MAND 2ND PM
7
Q
easiest and hardest extraction?
soft tissue impaction
full bony impaction
partial bony impaction
A
easiest: soft tissue
hardest: full bony
8
Q
WINTERS CLASSIFICATION:
for what teeth?
how do we categorize the teeth?
A
IMPACTED THIRD MOLARS
LONG AXIS and ANGULATION
9
Q
winters classfication, which is EASIEST which is HARDEST
vertical
mesioangular
horizontal
distoangular
buccolingual
others
A
easiest: MESIOANGULAR
hardest: DISTOANGULAR
10
Q
PELL AND GREGORY CLASSIFICATION:
for what teeth?
how do we put into category?
A
LOWER third molar
A,B,C; I, II, III
11
Q
PELL AND GREGORY CLASSIFICATION:
WHAT IS MOST DIFFICULT?
A
Level C Class III
12
Q
how to avoid subperiosteal abscess?
A
IRRIGATE !!
( remove tooth fragment below soft tissue)
13
Q
WHAT IS ORO-ANTRAL COMMUNICATION?
MOST COMMON IN WHAT TEETH?
TMNT?
A
puncture from oral cavity to sinus
MAX FIRST MOLAR
>2 mm: do nothing
2-6 mm: 4 A’s (AB, antihistamine, Afrin nasal spray, analgesics)
> 6mm: flap surgery
14
Q
WHEN BLOOD CLOT DISLODGED BEFORE WOUND HEALING THIS IS CALLED WHAT?
tmnt?
A
ALVEOLAR OSTEITIS ( inflammation of bone)
TX: irrigation and pain control
15
Q
most common nerve injury to lower nerve caused by what?
A
LOWER THIRD MOLARS
IAN
16
Q
TOOTH DISPLACEMENT:
MOST COMMON ONE?
A
MAX 3RD MOLAR: INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
17
Q
MOST COMMON TOOTH DISPLACEMENT FOR MAX FIRST/ 2ND MOLAR?
A
MAX SINUS
18
Q
MOST OCMMON DISPALCEMENT FOR MAND THIRD MOLAR?
A
SUBMANDIBULAR SPACE
19
Q
WHICH SITE OF TOOTH GETS LOST IN THAT YOU HAVE TO SEND TO ER FOR CHEST XRAY?
A
OROPHARYNX
20
Q
PURPOSE OF BITE BLOCK?
A
BETTER VISUALIZATION
21
Q
MOST COMMONLY USED ELEVATOR?
A
STRAIGHT ELEVATOR (301)
22
Q
PICK ELEVATOR USED FOR?
LEVER
WEDGE
WHEEL AND AXLE
A
WEDGE
23
Q
STRAIGHT ELEVATOR USED FOR ?
LEVER
WEDGE
WHEEL AND AXLE
A
LEVER
24
Q
TRIANGULAR ELEVATOR (CRYER) USED FOR ?
LEVER
WEDGE
WHEEL AND AXLE
A
WHEEL AND AXLE
25
WHIH ELEVATOR USED FOR REMOVING BROKEN ROOT LEFT IN SOCKET
CRYER
STRAIGHT
ROOT PICK
CRYER
26
WHICH EXTRACTION FORCEPS ARE THE WORK HORSES?
150: UPPERS
151: LOWERS
27
how to avoid subperiosteal abscess?
IRRIGATION!
28
what is oro-antral communication?
what teeth most common in?
SINUS OPENING
MAX 1ST MOLARS
29
TREATMENT FOR ORO-ANTRAL COMMUNICATION
ORO= MOUTH
ANTRAL= SINUS
\<2mm do nothing
2-6 mm: 4 A's ( AB, Antihistamines, Afrin Spray, Analgesia)
\>6mm = flap sirgery
30
WHEN A BLOOD CLOT DISLODGES THIS CAN HAPPEN? TX?
board ?
ALVEOLAR OSTEITITS ( bone inflammation)
TX: irrigation and local pain control
31
nerve injust most common with what 2 things in the mandible?
lower third molars
IAN
32
MOST COMMON SITE AND TOOTH FRO TOOTH DISPLACEMENT?? \*\*\*
MAX THIRD MOLARS: INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
33
WHERE DO MAX 1ST AND 2ND TEETH DISPLACE?
MAX SINUS
34
WHERE DO MAND THIRD MOLARS DISPLACE?
SUBMANDIBULAR FOSSA
35
THIS AREA IS WHERE A TOOTH GETS LOST AND YOU HAVE TO SEND TO ER FOR CHEST XRAY \*\*\*
ABDOMINAL XRAY
36
bite block used to keep the patients mouth open which provides what?
VISUALIZATION
37
MOST COMMONLY USED ELEVATOR
STRAIGHT ELEVATOR (301)
38
TRAIANGULAR ELEVATOR (CRYER) USED FOR?
LEVEL
WHEEL AND AXLE
WEDGE
WHEEL AND AXLE
39
straight elevator used for?
LEVEL
WHEEL AND AXLE
WEDGE
lever
40
pick elevator?
LEVEL
WHEEL AND AXLE
WEDGE
wedge
41
for removing broken root tip left in socket:
Cryer
pick elevator
straight elevator
42
WHAT ARE 2 UNIVERSAL FORCEPS?
150: UPPER
151: LOWER
43
MOST COMMON BLAD FOR ITNRAORAL SURGERY
#15
44
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF IRRIGATION during surgery?
PREVENTS HEAT GENRATION
45
after remove tooth what is next step?
CURETTE!!
ALWAYS CURETTE SOCKET
46
which bone removal what handpiece should you never use and why?
air-driven BECAUSE DRIVES AIR INTO SOCKET
47
type of motion with bone file?
pull stroke
48
what is the purpose of hemostat?
**HEMOSTASIS**:
clamp blood vessesls before suturing
49
face of beak of needle holder is what shape?
crosshatched
50
Primary purpose of of suture is to \_\_\_
immobolize flap
51
suturs should be placed from ___ tissue to __ tissue
moveavle to non-moveable
52
easiest and most common suture technique?
simple interrupted
53
silk has what property that allows bacteria to invade?
WICKENING
54
THESE FORCEPS HSOULD BE USED TO HANDLE SOFT TISSUE AND THESE SHOULDNT
Asdson tissue
utility forceps ( picking up tray items)
55
whenver you luxate tooth what should fulcrum be ?
what does luxating tooth do to bone?
ALVEOLAR BONE
expansion
56
teeth with multi rooted teeth should be extracted with forceps how?
hold buccaly for 10 seconds then hold palatally
NO ROTATION !!
57
AFTER TOOTH REMOVED FROM SOCKET 3 STEPS
CURETTAGE
SMOOTH BONE WITH FILE
IRRIGATE
58
T OR F
FLAP DESIGN ALWAYS WANTS FULL THICKNESS FLAP
TRUE
59
T OR F
incisions should be made over intact bone
T!!!
dont want over defects or eminences !
60
where should vertical releases of flap be??
LINE ANGLES !
61
THIS TYPE OF INCISION USED FOR APICOECTOMY?
SEMILUNAR INCISION
apical!!
62
APICALLY DISPLACED FLAP IS IMPOSSIBLE IN WHAT AREA ?
BOARD ?
MAXILLARY PALATAL
63
INCISION FOR PALATAL TORI REMOVAL?
DOUBLE Y INCISION
64
T or F age is not a contraindication to implants?
true
65
best type of implant?
transosteal
endosteal
subperiosteal
ENDOSTEAL
66
PURPOSE OF IMPLANT BODY?
SEQUENTIALLY ENLARGE OSTEOTOMY
67
ONE-PIECE VS 2-PIECE **ABUTMENT**:
which one has antirotation component?
TWO PIECE
68
which is better for restricted restorative space?
screw-retained implant
cement-retained implant
screw
69
WHICH CAUSES PERI-IMPLANTITIS?
screw implant
cement implant
CEMENT:
cement trapped subgingivally
70
which can correct angle between 2 components?
one-piece implant
two-piece implant
two-piece
71
which is abutment antirotation component ?
2 piece
internal hex (lock and Key) and external hec
72
when looking at an implant we see that there is no fibrous tissue layer between implant and bone. what does this mean?
**_success_** of osteointegration !!!
we want direct contact between bone and implant
73
PRESENCE OF FIBROUS TISSUE LAYER BETWEEN IMPLANT AND BONE. WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR IMPLANT? WHAT IS THIS CALLED?
fibrousintegration
FAILURE of implent to osteointegrate
74
primary vs secondary stability for implants?
PRIMARY: how well **screw stays in bone**
SECONDARY: **osseintegration**
75
what type of bone and area of bone has highest success rate?
TYPE 1 DENSE
ANT. MANDIBULAR
76
BONE QUALITY THAT HAS THE LOWEST SUCCESS RATE AND TYPE OF BONE AND LOCATION?\*\*\*
TYPE IV SOFT
POST MAX
77
WHAT ARE THE MEASUREMENTS OF IMPLANT PLACEMENT DISTANCE FROM:
ADJACENT NATURAL TEETH:
IAN:
ADJACENT IMPLANT
MENTAL NERVE:
BUCCAL PLATE, LINGUAL PLATE, MAX SINUS, NASAL CAVITY:
***MOST IMPORTANT IMPLANT SLIDE***
Plates and sinuses: 1 mm
teeth: 1.5 mm
**IAN: 2 mm**
implant: 3mm
**mental nere: 5 mm**
78
A 5MM IN DIAMTER IMPLANT IS BEING PLACED HOW MUCH BL SPACE is needed ?
5MM IMPLANT + 1 MM LINGUAL + 1 MM BUCCAL +
**= 7 mm total**
79
implant #30 is being placed. and has 20 and 30 next to it and implant 3 mm in diamater. how much MD spacen eed.
6 mm total
1.5 from adjacent teeth = 3
3+3 = **6 total**
80
ONE STAGE IMPLANT SURGERY VS TWO STAGE
**ONE STAGE:**
1. place impant AND healing abutment in 1 visit
**TWO STAGE:**
1. place implant with ***cover screw*** and cover it up with gums
2. open gums place healing abutment next visit
81
when to do two stage implant surgery?
poor stability
graft needed
medically compomised ptnts
82
what type of extraction needed in order to have good soclet preservation
ATRAUMATIC extraction
| (routine ext not surgical)
83
difference in gingival fiber orientation next to implant vs normal tooth
board ?
IMPLANT: fibers PARALLELL with implant cuff
next to tooth: fibers HORIZONTAL w implant cuff
84
IMPLANT SUCCESS bone loss per year after first year
if implant has \< .2mm loss per year after first year then it is good
85
IMPLANT FAILSURE DUE TO WHAT BACTERIA?
_G(-) ANAEROBIC_ **RODS** and **FILAMENTS**
86
WHAT TIME AND TEMPERATURE CAUSES IMPLANTS TO COMPROMISE OSSEOINTEGRATION AND CAUSE IMPLANT FAILURE
board ?
47°C FOR 1 MINUTES
40 C FOR 7 MINUTES
87
mandibular fractures best evaluated with what radiograph?
PANOS
88
FROM MOST LIKELY TO LEAST LIKELY, WHICH PART OF MANDIBLE MORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO FRACTURE
CONDYLAR
ANGLE
SYMPHYSIS
CONDYLAR \> ANGLE \> SYMPHYSIS
89
MATCH THE MANDIBULAR FRACTURES:
green stick, comminuted , simple, compound
closed to oral cavity
opent to oral cavity, bone exposed through mucosa,
not all the way though
crushed into muiltiple fragments
greenstick: not all the way
comminuted: crushed into frags
simple: closed to oral cavity
compound: open to oral caviy
90
MIDFACE FRACTURE BEST EVALUATED WITH WHAT RADIOGRAPH?
CBCT
91
LE FORT FRACTURE THAT IS PYRAMIDAL?
LF 1
LF 2
LF3
LF 2
92
LE FORT FRACTURE THAT IS HORIZONTAL ACROSS MAXILLA ?
LF 1
LF 2
LF3
LF 1
93
LE FORT FRACTURE THAT IS COMPLETE CRANIOFACIAL DISJUNCTION?
LF 1
LF 2
LF3
LF 3
94
THIS TYPE OF FRACTURE ALSO KNOWN AS TRIPOD FRACTURE INVOLVES ***BLEEDING UNDER CONJUCTIVA***
BOARD ?
ZYGOMATICOMAXILLARY COMPLEX FRACTURE ( tripod fracture because of 3 spots its in)
**bleeding in CONJUCTIVA**
95
MANDIBULAR FRACTURES IDEALLY TREATWED WITH THESE 2 PROCESSES
reduction
open reduction
internal fixation
intermaxillary fixation
OPEN REDUCTION and INTERNAL FIXATION (ORIF)
OR: frags exposed surgically by dissiecting tissues
IF: titanium bone plates to hold bone together
96
fracture fragments exposed surgically by dissecting tissue:
reduction
open reduction
closed reduction
internal fixation
intermaxillary fixation
open reduction
97
fracture fragments reutrend to their normal position
reduction
open reduction
closed reduction
internal fixation
intermaxillary fixation
REDUCTION
98
fracture fragments maniupulated w/out surgical exposure:
reduction
open reduction
closed reduction
internal fixation
intermaxillary fixation
CLOSED REDUCTION
99
fracture fragments manipulated without surgical exposure
reduction
open reduction
closed reduction
internal fixation
intermaxillary fixation
closed reduction
100
wiring jaws closed archbards and elastics
reduction
open reduction
closed reduction
internal fixation
intermaxillary fixation
IMF (intermaxillary fixation)
101
RETROGNATHIC MANDIBLE:
CLASS 1
CLASS 2
CLASS 3 OCCLUSION
CLASS 2 OCCLUSOON
102
PROGNATHIC MANDIBLE:
CLASS 1
CLASS 2
CLASS 3
CLASS III
103
VERTICAL MAXILLARY EXCESSS IS SHOW WHAT PHYSICAL ISSUES?
MAXILLA TOO LONG
GUMMY SMILE
104
SKELETAL DISCREPENCY WITH HORIZONTAL TRANSVERE DISCREPENCY WHATS WRONG?
POSTERIOR CROSSBITE
105
MACROGENIA?
CHIN TOO BIG
106
MICROGENIA?
CHIN TOO SMALL
107
APERTOGNATHIC?
AMTERIOR OPEN BITE
108
WHAT ARE MAIN IMAGES USED IN TREATMENT PLANNING FOR ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY?
BOARD\*\*
LATERAL CEPHS
109
SURGERY TO MOVE MAXILLA?
board \*\*\*
LE FORT 1 OSTEOTOMY
110
SURGERY TO MOVE MANDIBLE?
BSSO (bilateral saggital split osteotoy)
111
SURGERY TO MOVE CHIN\>
GENIOPLASTY
112
A PATIENT HAS CLASS 3 JAW. IT IS DUE TO MAXILLARY DEFICIENCY. WHAT SURGERY DO YOU USE?
LE FORTE 1
113
A PATIENT HAS CLASS 3 STRUCTURE. IT IS DUE TO MANDIBULAR DEFICIENCY. WHAT SURGERY DO YOU USE?
BOARD\*\*
BSSO
114
A PATIENT HAS CLASS 3 STRUCTURE. IT IS DUE TO MAXILLARY AND MANDIBULAR DEFICIENCY . WHAT SURGERY DO YOU USE?
LE FORT 1 AND BSSO
115
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL OF PAIN:
AXIS I
AXIS II
AXIS 1: **bio** nociceptive input from somatic tissue, **acute** ( we feel pain)
AXIS II: **psychosocial** influence of interaction between thalamus, cortex limbic structure, **CHRONIC** (longer 4-6 MONTHS)
116
which axis is about the tooth?
axis 1
axis 2
axis 1
117
MATCH THE FOLLOWING:
TRANSDUCTION, TRANSMISSION, MODULATION,
PERCEPTION
pain from PNS to CNS; pain from CNS to thalmus; limitation of flow of pain information, human experience of pain sum total of physiological processes and psychological factors
1) TRASNDUCTION: PNS -\> CNS
2) TRANSMISSION: CNS -\> thalmus
3) MODULATION: limit flow of pain
4) perception: experiences
118
normal tooth pain depends on magnitude of stimulus. increase in stimulus = increase of pain
SOMATIC PAIN
119
Pain INDEPENDANT of stimulus intensity
NEUROPATHIC PAIN (damage to pain pathways trauma, stroke, etc)
120
TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA IS DUE TO WHAT CN ?
BOARD !
CN 5 !!!!
121
TRIGEMINAL NEUALGIA AFFECTS WHAT TYPE OF GROUP OF PEOPLE?
POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN ( OLDER THAN 50)
122
DESCRIBE TRIGIMINAL NEURALGIA PAIN
BILATERAL OR UNILATERAL
ELECTRICAL, SHARP, SHOOTING, EPISODIC
UNILATERAL
123
TREATMENT FOR TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA?
BOARD ?
ANTICONVULSANTS ( **_CARBAMAZEPINE_**) or surgery
124
WHAT IS ATYPICAL ODONTALGIA and what is it caused by?
Not normal tooth pain
**_DEAFFERENTATION_** (destruction of afferent connection of nerve cells) result of ENDO or EXT
PHANTOM TOOTHACHE
125
POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA COMES AFTER WHAT DISEASE?
HERPES **_ZOSTER_**
*not SIMPLEX!!!!*
126
BURNING MOUTH SYNDROM IN WHAT GROUP OF PEOPLE?
POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN ( older than 50)
127
NEUROCULAR pain is also known as what type of headache?
CHRONIC headache
128
**photophobia** and **phonophobia** are descriptiosn of what type of headache?
MIGRAINE !!!
(anything loud or bright)
129
intense pain near one eye is what type of headache?
cluster
130
differnce between migraine and tension headache?
migraine: unilareral, pulsating
tension: bilateral, non-pulsating
131
TX FOR MIGRAINES?
TRIPTAN (selective seotonin receptor agonist)
132
lower joint space vs upper joint space movement?
LOWER: ROTATION
Upper: TRANSLATION
133
which muscles open mandible?
LATERAL PTERYGOID
134
WHICH MUSCLES CLOSE MANDIBLE?
MASSETER
TEMPORALIS
MEDIAL PTERYGOID
135
FUNCTION OF POSTERIOR TMJ LIGAMENT?
STOPS ANT DISC DISPLACEMENT
136
FUNCTION OF LATERAL TMJ LIGAMENT
STOPS POST DISC DISPLACEMENT
137
TMJ BLOOD SUPLY?
board ??
M: maxillary
A: Ascending pharyngeal
D: deep auricular
S Superficial temporal
**MADS !!!**
138
CONDYLE WITH REDUCTION?
CLICK OR LOCK
CLICK
condyle pops over nateriorly displaced disc and pops on way back to fossa
139
disc displacement without reduction?
clicking or lock?
lock
condyle stick resulting in limited range of motion
140
tx for recurrent dislocation includes botox injection where?
lateral pterygoid
141
most common cause of ankylosis?
trauma
anky: fusion of condyl and skull
142
bruxism is usually caused by what? treatment?
stress
occlusal guard: distruvtes occlusal forces evenly and relaxeds muscle
143
the nerve most damaged in tmj is what nerve?
FACIAL NERVE
144
WHAT IS MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME?
WHERE IS IT DERIVED FROM?
CHRONIC MUSCLULAR PAIN MOST COMMON CAUSE OF ***_MASTICATORY PAIN_***
REFERRED PAIN FROM TRIGGER POINT IN MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
145
HOW LONG DOES A BIOPSY TAKE?
2 WEEKS !!!
KNOW THIS
146
WHEN IS INCISIONAL BIOPSY DONE?
when suspected to be **malignant** and lesion larger **\>1 cm**
147
WHAT TYPE OF INCISIONAL BIOPSY TO TAKE?
**desirable**: Narrow and deep
undesirable: Broad and shallow
148
when should excisional biopsy be used?
lesion is small **\<1 cm**
**BENIGN**
149
BIOPSY:
what type of anesthesia want to give?
**BLOCK** instead of infiltration
150
A BIOPSY SAMPLE IS PLACED IN WHAT SOLUTION?
BOARD
10% FORMALIN or formaldehyde
151
CYSTS VS TUMOR
WHICH ONE RESECTION? MARSUPUALIZATION?
Tumor: RESECTION ( cutting out tissue or part of tumor)
Cysts: MARSUPILIZATION (removes cysts in a way that makes them less likely to return)
152
what is enucleation
surgicar removal if nass without cutting into or reputring it
153
what is marsipualization
removes cysts in a way that makes them less likely to return edges sutured together to make pouch
154
what is recetioning?
removal of cyst or tumor and normal tissue around it
155
WHAT ARE THE STEPS TO TAKE IN MEIDCAL EMERGENCIES ?
Stop treatment
Position patient
Oxygen
Reassure
Take Vitals
SPORT
156
MOST COMMON MEDICAL EMERGECNY IN DENTAL CHAIR?
SYNCOPE (fainting)
157
what is the most common syncope??
VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE (needle anxiety)
158
TREDELENBURG used for what?
patient with SYNCOPE lay them back with feet up
159
IF PREGNANT, WHAT SHOULD YOU DO TO PATIENT WHO PASSES OUT
LEFT LATERAL DECUBBITUS
turn patient on L so doesnt compress IVC
160
WHAT IS SECOND MOST COMMON CAUSE OF SNYCOPE
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
first is needle
161
STABLE VS UNSTABLE ANGINA
unstable: chest pain at rest
162
TREATMENT FOR ANGINA?
ONA ( oxygen -\> nitroglycerin -\> Aspirin)
163
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AFFECT WHAT PART OF HEART?
Suddent occlusion of LAD ( left anterior descending artery)
164
TREATMENT OF ANGINA VS MI?
BOARD \*\*
ANGINA: ONA (oxy nitro aspirin)
MI: MONA ( morphine)
165
A DIABETIC PATIENT BG LEVELS FALL DRASTICALLY. THEY ARE STILL CONCIOUS. WHAT DO YOU GIVE THEM?
glucose tab or orange juice
166
A DIABETIC PATIENT BG LEVELS FALL DRASTICALLY. THEY BECOME UNCONCIOUS. WHAT IS GIVEN TO THEM?
IV DEXTROSE or IM GLUCAGON
167
A PERSON WHO IS HYPERVENTILATING SHOULD NEVER BE GIVEN WHAT?
OXYGEN
GIVE THEM PAPER BAG INSTEAD
168
WHAT IS DEFINED AS WHEEZING?
HIGH PITCH ON **EXHALATION**
169
WHAT 2 DRUGS TO AVOID WITH ASTHMA?
NSAIDS AND NARCOTICS (OXYCODONE)
170
STATUS EPILEPTICUS VS GRAND MAL SEIZURE. WHICH ONE IS MORE THAN 5 MINUTES AND WHICH ONE IS CLASSIC SHORT DURATION?
GRAND MAL: CLASSIC
STATUS: MORE THAN 5 MINUTES
171
MEDICATION FOR GRAND MALL VS STATUS EPILEPTICUS SEIZURE
GM: DILANTIN/PHENYTOIN
SE: VALIUM/ DIAZEPAM
172
WHAT MINERAL IS STROKE CAUSED BY
HYPONATREMIA ( LOW NA+)
173
TIA ( TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ACCIDENT) STROKE VS CVA ( CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT) STROKE
TIA: MINI STROKE
CVA: STROKE
174
WHAT TO DO WHEN SOMEONE HAS A STROK?
OXYGEN AND CALL 911
175
ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK:
WHAT IS
**AEIOU**
albuterol
epinephrine
IM anstihistamine
U call 911
176
WHAT IS THERAPEUTIC INR WINDOW?
NORMAL: 1 (dont take meds; above 1 = bleeder; below 1 = clogger)
THERAPEUTIC : 2-3 (take warfarin)
177
WHAT DOES **BLEEDING TIME** TELL YOU? \*\*\*
**_PLATELET_** FUNCTION
**aspirin** affects it
178
WHAT does ASPIRIN DO IN THE BLOOD ?
**_ANTIPLATELET_** NOT ANTICOAGULANT
179
HERBAL ANTICOAGULANTS?
GARLIC
GIGNER
GINGKO
GINSENG
180
FUNCTION OF WARFARIN?
BLOCK VITAMIN K
181
THIS TEST DETERMINE THE TIME IT TAKES YOUR BLOOD TO CLOT !! \*\*
HOW LONG IS NORMAL TIME AND WHAT DRUG AFFECTS THIS?
**_PTT_** (PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME) : 30-40 seconds
**_HEPARIN_**: causes prolonged blood clots (anticoagulant) : 120-140 seconds
182
NERVE MOST DAMAGED IN TMJ SURGERY?
trigeminal
facial
glossopharyngeal
auriculotemporal
FACIAL
183
WHAT IS MOST IMPACTED TOOTH?
mandibular third
maxillary third
maxillary canine
mand second pm
mandibular 3rd
184
LUXATOR OF CHOICE FOR EXT OF SINGE RETAINED ROOT OF MAND MOLAR?
cryer
crane
root tip pick
straight elevator
cryer
185
LEAST LIKELY CONGENITALLY MISSING TOOTH?
MAX LAT INCISOR
MAX CANINE
MAND SECOND MOLAR
MAND THIRD MOLAR
MAX CANINE
186
MYOFASCIAL PAIN DYSFUNCTION IS BEST DESCRIBED AS
clicking and popping
infectious prcoess msticatory pain
disc dislocation
MASTICATORY PAIN!!!
187
most common cause of masticatory pain?
board\*\*\*
myofascial pain dysfunction
188
a patient is getting a 5 year post op on an implant. the implant is showingn early .2 mm bone loss since placed. what do you do next?
nothing that is a good sign
189
VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE IS WHAT?
board \*\*\*
passing out b/c of fear of needles: #1 reason patients pass out
190
PATIENT IS UNDERGOING SIMPLE EXT AND STATES HE HAS NEEDLE ANXIETY. PATIENT EXPERIENCES EPISODE OF VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE. WHAT DO YOU not DO?
administer oxygen
place in tendelenburg positon
resassure patient
administer epinephrine
maintain air flow
give epi
