MCL injury Flashcards
1
Q
what is the superficial origin and insertion of MCL
A
- medial epicondyle
- anteromedial tibia
2
Q
what is the deep origin and insertion of MCL
A
- tibia via coronary ligaments
- joint margins and medial meniscus
3
Q
-what is the mechanism of injury for an MCL injury
A
-valgus stress to a partially flexed knee
4
Q
what is the contact mechanism of injury for an MCL
A
-blow to the side of the knee while foot is planted
5
Q
what is the non contact mechanism for an MCL
A
-knee forced sideways by bodyweight
6
Q
what is a grade 1 MCL
A
- Local tenderness over MCL
- usually no swelling
- pain on valgus stress test, no laxity
- ligament integrity in tact
7
Q
what is a grade 2 MCL
A
- marked tenderness
- localised swelling
- pain on valgus stress test
- some laxity but distinct end point
8
Q
what is a grade 3 MCL
A
- complete tear
- wobbly knee
- pain
- difficulty bending the knee
- gross laxity on valgus stress test
9
Q
What is the valgus stress test
A
- 0-20 degress knee flexion
- pressure applied to lateral side of knee
10
Q
what are the symptoms of an MCL
A
-pain
-swelling
-bruising
grade 3 - feelings of instability / knee giving out
11
Q
what are the signs of an MCL
A
- pain
- swelling (grade 2+3)
- medial joint line tenderness
- valgus stress test
- +/- lack of full extension
